Depressive Disorders

1. Depressive Disorders (not otherwise specified)

1.1. Used when someone doesn’t fit neatly into the conditions for major depression

2. Comorbidity

2.1. Depression can occur in conjunction with other medical conditions, which include: “Malignancy , Brain Injury , Infection , Endocrine disorders , Metabolic, abnormalities , AIDS , Multiple sclerosis , Chronic fatigue syndrome” (Austin & Sciarra, 2010, p. 234).

3. Treatments

3.1. Cognitive- Behavioral Therapy- work in small groups to identify what activities makes someone happy and uses relaxation methods

3.2. Interpersonal Psychotherapy- “treats depression through improving interpersonal functioning and enhancing communication skills in relationships with significant others” (Austin & Sciarra, 2010, p. 241-242).

3.3. Family Counseling

3.4. Psychopharmacology- the use of medications to treat depression

4. Citations

4.1. Austin, V. L., & Sciarra, D. T. (2010). Children and adolescents with emotional and behavioral disorders. Boston: Merrill.

4.2. Rohde, P., Lewinsohn, P. M., Klein, D. N., Seeley, J. R., & Gau, J. M. (2013). Key characteristics of major depressive disorder occurring in childhood, adolescence, emerging adulthood, and adulthood. Clinical Psychological Science, 1(1), 41-53. doi:10.1177/2167702612457599

5. Major Depression

5.1. 2% of children

5.2. 5%- 8% of adults (Rohde, Lewinsohn, Klein, Seely, & Gau, 2013)

5.3. Have at least one major depressive occurrence without a manic occurrence that is at least 2 months long

6. Dysthymia

6.1. Depressive symptoms have to be present for a minimum of a year o

6.2. 70% of children diagnosed with MDD (Major Depressive Disorder) had underlying dysthymia” (Austin & Sciarra, 2010, p. 238).

6.3. 2% of children

6.4. 4% of adults

7. School- Based Interventions

7.1. Assessing the Problem

7.2. Developing an effective intervention plan