
1. nucleophillic substitution reaction
1.1. by -oh group
1.1.1. Ch3Ch2Br + aq KOH --------> ch3ch2oh + HBr
1.2. substitution by alkoxy grp / WILLIAMSON SYNTHESIS REACTION
1.2.1. RX + R'ONa --------> NaX + ROR'
1.2.1.1. CH3Br + CH3ONa ---------> NaBr + CH3Ch2OCH3
1.3. substitution by CYANO GRP
1.4. substitution by isocyanide grp
1.4.1. CH3Br + AgCN ---------> CH3NC + AGBr
1.5. Haloalkane give alkyl cyanide with KCN but give alkyl isocyanide with AgCn .
1.6. HOFFMAN AMONOLYSIS
1.6.1. ch3br +nh2 -------> ch3nh2-------->(ch3)2Nh -------> (ch3)3N --------->{(ch3)4N}+ Br-
1.7. substitution by carnonylate ion
1.7.1. Substitution by alkynyl grp
1.7.2. CH3COOAg +CH3Br ------> CH3COOCh3 +AgBr
1.7.2.1. ch3br +Nac---c-h -------> ch3-c---c-h+ nabr
1.8. substitution by hydrogen
1.9. CARBON ATOM CAN BE INCREASED BY THE INTRODUCTION OF -CN GRP
2. CH3Br + KCN ----------> CH3CN + KBr
3. it also happens in the presence of dry ether
4. ch3br + Mg ----------> ch3MgBr
5. ch3MgBr is known ORGANOMETTALIC COMPOUNDS
6. Reaction with metals
6.1. 1) Reaction with Na / WURTZ REACTION
6.1.1. (ch3br)2 + Na --------> 2Nabr + ch3-ch3
6.2. With Mg
6.2.1. it happens in the presence of dry ether
7. Elimination reaction
7.1. ch3ch2br + alc KOH -----> ch2=ch2 +kBr+H2o
7.1.1. ALSO KNOWN AS DEHYDROHALOGENATION / BETA ELIMINATION REACTION
7.1.1.1. IF THERE ARE 2 BETA CARBON ATOMS THEN SAYTZEFF RULE IS OLLOWED
7.1.1.1.1. SAYTZEFF RULE SAYS THAT THE CARBON HAVING LESS NO OF HALOGEN ATOMS ON DOUBLY BONDED CARBON ATOM IS THE MAJOR PRODUCT