1. State of matter
1.1. state of matter in the Universe
1.1.1. Plasma
1.1.1.1. most like a gas.
1.1.1.2. in a mass of positively charged atoms and negatively charged electrons –
1.1.1.3. high temperature-electrons are “torn off” the atoms-
1.1.1.4. found in the space between planets, solar systems and galaxies
1.2. three different forms on Earth (states of matter)
1.2.1. solid
1.2.1.1. Matter that is composed of atoms tightly packed together
1.2.1.2. the atoms are able to vibrate
1.2.1.3. s a definite shape and volume
1.2.1.4. Examples: – Ice – Pencil
1.2.2. liquid
1.2.2.1. atoms loosely packed together
1.2.2.2. the atoms can slightly move around
1.2.2.3. Liquids take the shape of their container
1.2.2.4. Examples: – Water – Alcohol
1.2.3. gas
1.2.3.1. atoms very loosely packed together
1.2.3.2. moving around.
1.2.3.3. NOT have a definite volume or shape.
1.2.3.4. Examples: – Water Vapor – Oxygen
1.2.4. Plasma
1.2.4.1. can be found both naturally and manmade.
1.2.4.2. Lightning forms plasma momentarily
1.2.4.2.1. The heat from lightning causes the gas around it to change into plasma.
1.2.4.2.2. be man-made using electricity
2. changing matter
2.1. Physical Change
2.1.1. reversible
2.1.1.1. Cutting Paper
2.1.1.2. Melting Ice Cream
2.2. Chemical Change
2.2.1. not reversible
2.2.1.1. Rusting Nail
2.2.1.2. Cooking Toast
2.2.2. A color change
2.2.3. A new substance produced
2.2.4. Light
2.2.5. Bubbles (gas)
2.2.6. A new smell
2.2.7. A temperature change
3. Law of Conservation of Mass
3.1. mass is conserved
3.1.1. bake a cake
3.1.2. crush a can
4. What is the Matter?
4.1. all around you
4.1.1. in the air you breathe
4.1.1.1. make up things we touch and see
4.2. take up space with mass.
5. What the Matter made from?
5.1. tiny particles
5.1.1. e too small to be seen
5.1.1.1. are called atoms.
5.1.1.1.1. e basic building blocks of matter.
6. Is energy a matter?
6.1. No
6.1.1. Energy does not have mass
6.1.2. Energy does not have volume
6.1.3. Heat, light, electricity and sound are forms of energy
7. atoms
7.1. different atoms+atoms=all types of substances and materials in the Universe.
8. What is the phase change?
8.1. Matter can change from one form to another.
8.1.1. Freezing
8.1.2. Melting
8.1.2.1. Transition from a solid to liquid
8.1.3. Condensation
8.1.3.1. Transition from a gas to liquid
8.1.4. Evaporation
8.1.4.1. Transition from a liquid to gas
9. melting point
9.1. temperature at which a solid melts to a liquid
10. boiling point
10.1. temperature at which a liquid evaporates to a gas
11. freezing point
11.1. temperature at which a liquid freezes to a solid
12. condensation point
12.1. temperature at which a gas condenses to a liquid
13. What is the property of matter
13.1. Physica
13.1.1. using tools or our senses.
13.1.1.1. Qualitative
13.1.1.1.1. observed using your senses
13.1.1.1.2. e.g.Color, Odor ,Ta st e ,Sound, Hardness, Texture, Flexibility
13.1.2. change without the substance
13.1.2.1. Quantitative
13.1.2.1.1. use numbers or measurements to describe matter
13.1.3. e.g.Size, Color
13.2. Chemical
13.2.1. through chemical reactions
13.2.2. the ability of a substance to change its identity.
13.2.2.1. Reactivity
13.2.2.1.1. reactive
13.2.2.1.2. inert
13.2.2.2. Corrosion (Oxidation and Tarnish)
13.2.2.2.1. Oxidation
13.2.2.2.2. Tarnish
13.2.2.3. Toxicity
13.2.2.4. Flammability
13.2.2.5. Combustibility
13.2.2.6. Radioactivity
13.2.2.7. pH
13.2.2.7.1. acidic
13.2.2.7.2. basic
13.2.2.7.3. neutral
13.2.3. e.g.Reactivity