Phytochemicals

Phytochemicals Mind Map: Full Listing of Phytochemicals That Have Protective Properties for Human Health. What are phytochemicals? Phytochemicals are plant chemicals that have protective properties for human health. Thousand of phytochemicals have been identified and have attracted much attention and researches recently due to its positive impact on human health. There are ample evidence by research that food from plants such as fruits, vegetables, grains and nuts provide much beneficial nu...

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Phytochemicals by Mind Map: Phytochemicals

1. Capsaicin

1.1. Plant Sources

1.1.1. Vanilla Beans

2. Resources

2.1. Phytochemicals.info

2.2. List of phytochemicals in food by Wikipedia

2.3. Listing of Foods and their Phytochemicals by Phytopia

2.4. Tips to Fortify Foods with Phytochemicals

2.5. Glossary of Phytochemicals

2.6. Phytochemicals as Nutraceuticals by Ben Best

2.7. Linus Pauling Institute: Micronutrient Research for Optimum Health.

3. Terpenoids (isoprenoids)

3.1. Carotenoids Terpenoids

3.1.1. Carotenes

3.1.1.1. Beta Carotene

3.1.1.1.1. Plant Sources

3.1.1.2. Alpha Carotene

3.1.1.2.1. Plant Sources

3.1.1.3. Lycopene

3.1.1.3.1. Plant Sources

3.1.1.4. Neurosporene

3.1.1.5. Phytofluene

3.1.1.5.1. Plant Sources

3.1.1.6. Phytoene

3.1.1.6.1. Plant Sources

3.1.2. Xanthophylls

3.1.2.1. Canthaxanthin

3.1.2.1.1. Plant Sources

3.1.2.2. Beta Cryptoxanthin

3.1.2.2.1. Plant Sources

3.1.2.3. Zeaxanthin

3.1.2.3.1. Plant Sources

3.1.2.4. Astaxanthin

3.1.2.4.1. Plant Sources

3.1.2.5. Lutein

3.1.2.5.1. Plant Sources

3.1.2.6. Rubixanthin

3.1.2.6.1. Plant Sources

3.2. Monoterpenes

3.2.1. Limonene

3.2.1.1. Plant Sources

3.2.1.1.1. Oils of Citrus

3.2.1.1.2. Cherries

3.2.1.1.3. Spearmint

3.2.1.1.4. Dill

3.2.1.1.5. Garlic

3.2.1.1.6. Celery

3.2.1.1.7. Maize

3.2.1.1.8. Rosemary

3.2.1.1.9. Ginger

3.2.1.1.10. Basil

3.3. Lipids

3.3.1. Phytosterols

3.3.1.1. Plant Sources

3.3.1.1.1. Almonds

3.3.1.1.2. Cashew Nuts

3.3.1.1.3. Peanuts

3.3.1.1.4. Sesame Seeds

3.3.1.1.5. Sunflower Seeds

3.3.1.1.6. Whole Wheat

3.3.1.1.7. Maize

3.3.1.1.8. Soy Beans

3.3.1.1.9. Many vegetable oils

3.3.1.2. Class Members

3.3.1.2.1. Campesterol

3.3.1.2.2. Beta Sitosterol

3.3.1.2.3. Gama Sitosterol

3.3.1.2.4. Stigmasterol

3.4. Non-Carotenoid Terpenoids

3.4.1. Saponins

3.4.1.1. Plant Sources

3.4.1.1.1. Soya Beans

3.4.1.1.2. Legumes

3.4.1.1.3. Maize

3.4.1.1.4. Alfalfa

3.4.2. Triterpenoid

3.4.2.1. Oleanolic Acid

3.4.2.1.1. Plant Sources

3.4.2.2. Ursolic Acid

3.4.2.2.1. Plant Sources

3.4.3. Terpene Limonoids

3.4.3.1. Limonene

3.4.3.1.1. Plant Sources

3.4.4. Perilly Alcohol

3.4.5. Terpeneol

4. Betalains

4.1. Betacyanins

4.1.1. Class Members

4.1.1.1. Betanin

4.1.1.1.1. Plant Sources

4.1.1.2. Isobetanin

4.1.1.2.1. Plant Sources

4.1.1.3. Probetanin

4.1.1.3.1. Plant Sources

4.1.1.4. NeobBetanin

4.1.1.4.1. Plant Sources

5. Glucosinolates

5.1. Dithiolthiones (Isothiocyanates)

5.1.1. Sulphoraphane

5.1.1.1. Brassicates

5.2. Polysulfides (Allium Compounds)

5.2.1. Allyl Methyl Trisulfide

5.2.1.1. Plant Sources

5.2.1.1.1. Garlic

5.2.1.1.2. Onions

5.2.1.1.3. Leeks

5.2.1.1.4. Chives

5.2.1.1.5. Shallots

5.3. Indoles

5.3.1. Indole-3-carbinol

5.3.1.1. Plant Sources

5.3.1.1.1. Cabbage

5.3.1.1.2. Kale

5.3.1.1.3. Brussels Sprouts

5.3.1.1.4. Rutabaga

5.3.1.1.5. Mustard Greens

5.3.1.1.6. Broccoli

5.3.2. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM

5.3.2.1. Plant Sources

5.3.2.1.1. Broccoli Family

5.3.3. Sinigrin

5.3.3.1. Plant Sources

5.3.3.1.1. Broccoli Family

5.3.4. Allicin

5.3.4.1. Plant Sources

5.3.4.1.1. Garlic

5.3.5. Alliin

5.3.5.1. Plant Sources

5.3.5.1.1. Garlic

5.3.6. Allyl Isothiocyanate

5.3.6.1. Plant Sources

5.3.6.1.1. Horseradish

5.3.6.1.2. Mustard

5.3.6.1.3. Wasabi

5.3.7. Piperine

5.3.7.1. Plant Sources

5.3.7.1.1. Black Pepper

5.3.8. Syn-propanethial-S-oxide

5.3.8.1. Plant Sources

5.3.8.1.1. Cut onions

5.4. Sulphides

5.4.1. Diallyl Sulfide

5.4.1.1. Plant Sources

5.4.1.1.1. Garlic

5.4.1.1.2. Onions

5.4.1.1.3. Leeks

5.4.1.1.4. Chives

5.4.1.1.5. Shallots

6. Protein Inhibitors

6.1. Protease Inhibitors

6.1.1. Soy

6.1.2. Seeds

6.1.3. Legumes

6.1.4. Potatoes

6.1.5. Eggs

6.1.6. Cereals

7. Other Organic Acids

7.1. Oxalic Acids

7.1.1. Plant Sources

7.1.1.1. Orange

7.1.1.2. Spinach

7.1.1.3. Rhubarb

7.1.1.4. Tea

7.1.1.5. Coffee

7.1.1.6. Banana

7.1.1.7. Ginger

7.1.1.8. Almond

7.1.1.9. Sweet Potato

7.1.1.10. Bell Pepper

7.2. Phytic Acid

7.2.1. Plant Sources

7.2.1.1. Cereals

7.2.1.2. Nuts

7.2.1.3. Sesame Seeds

7.2.1.4. Soybeans

7.2.1.5. Wheat

7.2.1.6. Pumpkin

7.2.1.7. Beans

7.2.1.8. Almond

7.3. Tartaric Acid

7.3.1. Plant Sources

7.3.1.1. Apricots

7.3.1.2. Apples

7.3.1.3. Sunflower

7.3.1.4. Avocado

7.3.1.5. Grapes

7.4. Anacardic Acid

7.4.1. Plant Sources

7.4.1.1. Cashews

7.4.1.2. Mangoes

8. Piperine

8.1. Plant Sources

8.1.1. Black Pepper

9. Pectin

10. Chlorophyll

11. Anthraquinones

12. Thiosulfonates

13. Phytosterols

14. Polyphenolics

14.1. Natural Monophenols

14.1.1. Class Members

14.1.1.1. Apiole

14.1.1.1.1. Plant Sources

14.1.1.2. Carnosol

14.1.1.2.1. Plant Sources

14.1.1.3. Carvacrol

14.1.1.3.1. Plant Sources

14.1.1.4. Dillapiole

14.1.1.4.1. Plant Sources

14.1.1.5. Rosemarinol

14.1.1.5.1. Plant Sources

14.2. Flavonoids (Polyphenols)

14.2.1. Flavonoids

14.2.1.1. Proanthocyanidins

14.2.1.1.1. Class Members

14.2.1.2. Biflavones

14.2.1.2.1. Class Members

14.2.1.3. Flavanonoles

14.2.1.3.1. Class Members

14.2.1.4. Flavonolignans

14.2.1.4.1. Class Members

14.2.1.5. Tannins

14.2.1.5.1. Class Members

14.2.2. Flavonols

14.2.2.1. Class Members

14.2.2.1.1. Quercetin

14.2.2.1.2. Rutin

14.2.2.1.3. Kaempferol

14.2.2.1.4. Myricetinn

14.2.2.1.5. Isorhamnetin

14.2.3. Flavanones

14.2.3.1. Class Members

14.2.3.1.1. Hesperidin

14.2.3.1.2. Naringin

14.2.3.1.3. Silybin

14.2.3.1.4. Eriodictyol

14.2.4. Flavones

14.2.4.1. Class Members

14.2.4.1.1. Apigenin

14.2.4.1.2. Tangeritin

14.2.4.1.3. Luteolin

14.2.5. Flavanols

14.2.5.1. Class Members

14.2.5.1.1. Catechins

14.2.5.1.2. Epicatechins

14.2.5.1.3. Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG)

14.2.5.1.4. Theaflavin

14.2.6. Anthocyanins (Flavonals), and Anthocyanidins,

14.2.6.1. Class Members

14.2.6.1.1. Cyanidin, delphinidin, Malvidin, Petunidin

14.2.6.1.2. Pelargonidin

14.2.6.1.3. Peonidin

14.2.6.1.4. Cyanidin

14.2.6.1.5. Delphinidin

14.2.6.1.6. Malvidin

14.2.6.1.7. Petunidin

14.2.7. Isoflavones (Phytoestrogens)

14.2.7.1. Class Members

14.2.7.1.1. Diadzein

14.2.7.1.2. Genistein

14.2.7.1.3. Glycitein

14.2.8. Punicalagins

14.2.8.1. Plant Sources

14.2.8.1.1. Pomegranate

14.3. Phenolic Acids

14.3.1. Hydroxycinnamic Acids

14.3.1.1. Chicoric Acid

14.3.1.2. Coumarin

14.3.1.3. Ferullic Acid

14.3.1.4. Scopoletin

14.3.2. Hydroxybenzoic Acids

14.3.3. Rosmarinic Acid

14.3.4. Ellagic Acid

14.3.4.1. Plant Sources

14.3.4.1.1. Walnuts

14.3.4.1.2. Strawberries

14.3.4.1.3. Cranberries

14.3.4.1.4. Guava

14.3.4.1.5. Blackberries

14.3.4.1.6. Grapes

14.3.5. Gallic Acids

14.3.5.1. Plant Sources

14.3.5.1.1. Tea

14.3.5.1.2. Strawberries

14.3.5.1.3. Mango

14.3.5.1.4. Rhbubar

14.3.5.1.5. Soy

14.3.6. Vanillin

14.3.6.1. Plant Sources

14.3.6.1.1. Vanilla Beans

14.3.6.1.2. Cloves

14.3.7. Salicylic Acid

14.3.7.1. Plant Sources

14.3.7.1.1. Peppermint

14.3.7.1.2. Licorice

14.3.7.1.3. Peanut

14.3.7.1.4. Wheat

14.3.8. Tannic Acid

14.3.8.1. Plant Sources

14.3.8.1.1. Nettles

14.3.8.1.2. Tea

14.3.8.1.3. Berries

14.3.9. Capsaicin

14.3.9.1. Plant Sources

14.3.9.1.1. Vanilla Beans

14.3.10. Curcumin

14.3.10.1. Plant Sources

14.3.10.1.1. Vanilla Beans

14.3.10.1.2. Cloves

14.3.10.2. Plant Sources

14.3.10.2.1. Tumeric

14.3.10.2.2. Mustard

14.3.11. Hydroxycinnamic Acids

14.3.11.1. Chicoric Acid

14.3.11.2. Coumarin

14.3.11.3. Scopoletin

14.3.11.4. Class Members

14.3.11.4.1. Caffeic Acid

14.3.11.4.2. Chlorogenic Acid

14.3.11.4.3. Coumarin Acid

14.3.12. Phytic Acid

14.3.12.1. Plant Sources

14.3.12.1.1. Cereals

14.3.12.1.2. Nuts

14.3.12.1.3. Sesame Seeds

14.3.12.1.4. Soybeans

14.3.12.1.5. Wheat

14.3.12.1.6. Pumpkin

14.3.12.1.7. Beans

14.3.12.1.8. Almond

14.3.13. Cinnamic Acid

14.3.13.1. Plant Sources

14.3.13.1.1. Cinnamon

14.3.13.1.2. Aloe

14.3.14. Ferulic Acid

14.3.14.1. Plant Sources

14.3.14.1.1. Oats

14.3.14.1.2. Rice

14.3.14.1.3. Artichokes

14.3.14.1.4. Orange

14.3.14.1.5. Pineapple

14.3.14.1.6. Apple

14.3.14.1.7. Peanut

14.4. Other Non-Flavonoid Polyphenolics

14.4.1. Chicoric Acid

14.4.2. Coumarin

14.4.3. Ferullic Acid

14.4.4. Scopoletin

14.4.5. Curcumin

14.4.5.1. Plant Sources

14.4.5.1.1. Vanilla Beans

14.4.5.1.2. Cloves

14.4.5.2. Plant Sources

14.4.5.2.1. Tumeric

14.4.5.2.2. Mustard

14.4.6. Stilbenes

14.4.6.1. Resveratrol

14.4.6.1.1. Plant Sources

14.4.6.2. Pterostilbene

14.4.6.2.1. Plant Sources

14.4.6.3. Piceatannol

14.4.6.3.1. Plant Sources

14.4.7. Lignans (Phytoestrogens)

14.4.7.1. Silymarin

14.4.7.1.1. Plant Sources

14.4.7.2. Matairesinol

14.4.7.2.1. Plant Sources

14.4.7.3. Secoisolariciresinol

14.4.7.3.1. Plant Sources

14.4.7.4. Pinoresinol and Lariciresinol

14.4.7.4.1. Plant Sources

14.5. Tyrosol Esters

14.5.1. Class Members

14.5.1.1. Tyrosol

14.5.1.1.1. Olive Oil

14.5.1.2. Hydroxytyrosol

14.5.1.2.1. Olive Oil

14.5.1.3. Oleocanthal

14.5.1.3.1. Olive Oil

14.5.1.4. Oleuropein

14.5.1.4.1. Olive Oil

14.6. Alkylresorcinols

14.6.1. Plant Sources

14.6.1.1. Whole Grain Wheat

14.6.1.2. Whole Grain Rye

14.6.1.3. Whole Grain Barley