Marine Biology

1. The sea floor

1.1. Benthic: Sea floor

1.2. Continental slope: comes after the continental shelf, goes down steep

1.3. Continental Shelf: extends seaward from the shoreline and is a strucural part of the continental landmass

2. Salinity

2.1. Total amounts of dissolved salts in seawater

2.2. Is measured in parts per thousand 0/00

2.3. average salinity is 35 0/00

2.4. Affected by

2.4.1. Evaporation

2.4.2. Precipitation

2.4.3. River Runoff

2.4.4. Freezing and thawing of sea ice

3. Color

3.1. As sunlight travels through our atmosphere and into the sea, its color characteristics are altered as seawater absorbs the Violet and Orange and leaves the Green and blue to be penetrated deeper

4. Ph

4.1. in between 7.5 and 8.4 (basic)

5. Properties of sea water

5.1. 1. Water can exist in 3 states

5.2. 2. it is a polar molecule

5.3. 3.Has a weak attraction between h20 molecules and forms hydrogen bonds between molecules

5.4. 4. Water has a high viscosity/surface tension (can support water striders

5.5. 5. Water is more dense as a liquid than a solid

5.6. 6. Water has a high heat capacity (basis of climate and weather patterns)

5.7. Salt=solute

5.8. Water=solvent

6. Zones

6.1. Aphotic: Below the photic zone (200m) to the bottom

6.2. Photic: First 200 meters of ocean

6.3. Abyssal: Ocean floor in the deepest parts of the ocean

7. Volcanic activity

7.1. Ocean Islands: Volcanic mountains that extend above sea level

7.2. Seamounts: Volcanic mountains whose tops remain below the sea surface

8. Disolved Nutrients

8.1. Nitrate

8.2. Phosphate

9. Pressure

9.1. increases by 1 atm for every 10 meters in depth

9.2. Sea level= 1 atm