1. Factors favoring it, according to Harley and Hagoort
1.1. Age of acquisition
1.1.1. According to Harley, students who begin learning an L2 at an earlier age, such as in childhood, tend to achieve more native-like proficiency in the language.
1.2. Neurolinguistic factors
1.2.1. Hagoort suggests that brain plasticity plays an essential role in L2 learning. The interaction between brain areas responsible for language, such as Broca's area and Wernicke's area, facilitates second language acquisition.
1.3. Context of immersion and exposure
1.3.1. Learning an L2 in an immersive environment, where the learner is surrounded by native speakers, facilitates learning and improves communication skills compared to a formal classroom instruction context.
1.4. Motivation and attitudes toward the language and culture
1.4.1. Learners with high motivation and a positive attitude towards the L2 language and culture tend to make faster progress.
1.5. Frequency and quality of practice
1.5.1. The amount of time spent practicing the L2, as well as the quality of the interactions
1.6. Learning strategies
1.6.1. According to Harley, the use of specific strategies, such as repetition, inferring words by context, and practice in different settings, can accelerate L2 learning.