1. Puritanism: An extreme Protestant movement centered around a simpler, purer form of worship
1.1. Presbyterians: Called for simpler church services , the abolition of bishops and Presbyters (elders/teachers) allocated to each church, elected by church members
1.2. Separatists: Wanted to break away from the CofE, also known as 'Brownists'
1.3. Moderate Puritans: Reluctantly accepted the Religious Settlement, but continued to call for further reforms to purify the church
1.4. Puritan Beliefs
1.4.1. Sundays
1.4.1.1. The Lord's Day
1.4.1.2. Lengthy morning service
1.4.1.3. Devoted to Religious Studies
1.4.1.3.1. Studying Scripture
1.4.1.3.2. Reading devotional books
1.4.2. Bishops
1.4.2.1. Non-Biblical
1.4.2.2. A power tool for Elizabeth
1.4.2.3. Sceptics of Puritan Beliefs
1.4.3. Lifestyle
1.4.3.1. Modest clothing
1.4.3.2. No gambling
1.4.3.3. No theatre
1.4.3.4. No gambling
1.4.4. Religious practices
1.4.4.1. According to the Bible
1.4.4.2. Opposotion to Catholic Practices
1.4.4.2.1. Playing the organ
1.4.4.2.2. Bowing when the name of Jesus was said
1.4.4.2.3. Giving a ring in marriage
1.4.4.2.4. St. days
1.4.4.2.5. Kneeling during communion
1.4.4.2.6. Making the cross symbol during baptism
2. Puritan opposition in Parliament & Privy Council
2.1. Walter Strickland(Puritan MP for Yorkshire)'s bill, April 1571
2.1.1. New Book of Common Prayer
2.1.2. Banning of vestments
2.1.3. Banning of rings in marriage
2.1.4. Banning of kneeling during communion
2.1.5. Elizabeth closed parliament before ideas could be discussed
2.2. John Field & Thomas Wilcox (clergymen)'s 'Admonition to the Parliament' & 'A View of Popish Abuses yet Remaining in the English Church'
2.2.1. Argued Presbyterian church structure was Biblically accurate
2.2.2. Argued bishops were Biblically inaccurate
2.2.3. Critical of the current Book of Common Prayer
2.2.4. Both arrested & imprisoned for a year for breaking Act of Uniformity
2.3. Peter Wentworth(Puritan MP for Barnstable)'s complaint, 1576
2.3.1. Complained in House of Commons that MPs lacked freedom of speech
2.3.1.1. Wentworth imprisoned in Tower of London
2.3.1.2. Elizabeth declared parliament would not debate religious matters without permission
2.4. Peter Turner(Puritan MP for Bridport)'s bill, 1584
2.4.1. Proposed implementation of John Calvin's church government system in Geneva
2.4.1.1. Bill forcefully attacked by Christopher Hatton, Privy Councillor & Moderate Protestant
2.5. Anthony Cope(Puritan MP for Banbury)'s bill, 1586-87
2.5.1. Abolition of bishops
2.5.2. Geneva Book of Prayer
2.5.3. Support from Wentworth
2.5.4. Bill attacked by Hatton in House of Commons
2.5.4.1. 1587: Cope, Wentwowrth + 4 supporters imprisoned in Tower of London for 4 months
2.5.4.2. Parliament closed down
3. Challenges to the Settlement
3.1. Vestment Controversy 1566
3.1.1. Matthew Parker, Archbishop of Canterbury issued 'Book of Advertisements', stating Priests must wear vestments
3.1.1.1. Thomas Sampson, Dean of Christ Church, Oxford dismissed from position for refusal
3.1.1.2. 37 Puritan Priests dismissed from jobs in London due to refusal
3.2. Thomas Cartwright (Professor of Divinity at Cambridge University)'s Proposals, 1570
3.2.1. Abolition of bishops & archbishop
3.2.2. Implementation of Presbyterian system
3.2.3. Rejected by Privy Council & Elizabeth; would hinder her religious authority
3.2.3.1. Cartwright removed from position and forced to leave for Geneva
3.3. John Stubb (Puritan political commentator)'s pamphlet, 1579
3.3.1. Criticised Elizabeth's marriage talks with Duke of Anjou (brother of French king, FRC)
3.3.1.1. Stubb arrested, put on trial & charged with seditious(rebellion-inciting) writing
3.3.1.1.1. Sentenced to have right hand cut off
3.4. Marprelate Tracts, 1588-89
3.4.1. Anonymous pamphlets attacking CofE & bishops
3.4.1.1. Used violent, sarcastic & often offensive language
3.4.1.1.1. Puritans lost support & respect; contradictory to Puritan attitudes & behaviour
4. Measures taken to deal with Puritan Threat
4.1. Prophesyings - Meetings of ministers & interested parties in which ministers practised their preaching skills
4.1.1. Thought to encourage unrest & rebellion
4.1.1.1. 1576: Elizabth ordered Edmund Grindal (Archbishop of Canterbury) to ban prophesyings
4.1.1.1.1. Grindal refused
4.2. John Whitgift(devout Anglican & Grindal's replacement)'s attack on Presbyterianism
4.2.1. Three Articles, 1583
4.2.1.1. Acceptance of bishops
4.2.1.2. Acceptance of Book of Common Prayer
4.2.1.3. Acceptance of 39 Articles
4.2.1.4. 300-400 ministers refused Three Articles & were removed from positions
4.3. Acts against Seditious Sectaries 1593
4.3.1. Empowered authorities to impose harsh punishments for those who did not attend Anglican meetings & held unauthorised meetings
4.3.1.1. May 1593: Separatist leaders Henry Barrow & John Greenwood & Welsh Puritan John Penry arrested and executed
4.3.1.1.1. Marked the end of the Separatist movement