1. Growth
1.1. General health indicators
1.1.1. weight gain and growth
1.2. Tracking of growth
1.2.1. syndrome-specific charts to monitor
1.2.1.1. weight,
1.2.1.2. height
1.2.1.3. head circumference
1.2.2. 10 years+, the body-mass index chart from the National Center for Health Statistics
2. Obesity
2.1. Obesity: It affects about 25% of children with DS and 50% of adults
2.2. complications
2.2.1. sleep apnea,
2.2.2. cardiovascular issues.
2.2.3. diabetes,
2.3. Intervention:
3. Hematologic and Oncologic Disorders Abnormalities:
3.1. high occurrence of hematologic abnormalitie. eg:- abnormal myelopoiesis and a higher risk of leukemia.
3.2. Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis:
3.2.1. Occurs in up to 10% of newborns with DS
3.2.2. due to mutations in the GATA1 gene
3.2.3. resolves before age 5
3.3. Leukemia
3.3.1. leukemia develops in 2-3% of DS patients, most commonly as acute myeloid leukemia, responds well to treatment.
3.4. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
3.4.1. tend to have poorer outcomes
3.5. Cancer Risk
3.5.1. provides overall protection against solid tumors. However, testicular cancer is more common in people with DS compared to age-matched populations.
3.6. Iron Deficiency
3.6.1. prevalent in individuals with DS as in the general population, but it may be masked by macrocytosis affect 45-66% of children with DS.
3.7. Testing and Management
3.7.1. Recommended to test ferrit:in and C-reactive protein or transferrin saturation.
3.7.2. Addressing iron deficiency can help mitigate its potential effects on cognitive and motor development, as well as improve sleep quality.