1. 2.Organization of Hospital/Care Units
1.1. Orthopedic Unit
1.1.1. An orthopedic unit is usually an inpatient facility used for patients receiving post-operative treatment, rehabilitation, or surgery.
1.2. Procedures/Diagnosis
1.2.1. Fracture
1.2.1.1. Casts or surgery are used to treat fractures, which are broken bones.
1.2.2. Spinal Surgeries
1.2.2.1. Procedures to treat spinal injuries or malformations are known as spinal surgeries.
1.2.3. Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
1.2.3.1. These are two types of arthritis, which is an inflammation of the joints that results in pain, stiffness, and swelling.
1.2.4. Sport Injuries
1.2.4.1. Physical activity-related injuries such sprains, strains, fractures, and ligament tears that frequently need medical attention and rehabilitation.
1.2.5. Bone Tumors
1.2.5.1. These are abnormal growths in the bones that may be cancerous or benign and may result in fractures, discomfort, and swelling
1.2.6. Back Pain
1.2.6.1. It can range from minor to severe and is frequently brought on by spinal problems, ruptured discs, or strained muscles.
1.2.7. Broken Bones
1.2.7.1. Traumatic fractures or breaks in the bone that may need to be immobilized, operated on, or treated with physical therapy
1.2.8. Osteoporosis
1.2.8.1. Due to a decrease in bone density, osteoporosis is a disorder that is frequently observed in older persons and is characterized by weakening bones that are more likely to fracture.
1.2.9. Rheumatoid arthritis
1.2.9.1. is an inflammatory disease in which the joints are attacked by the immune system, leading to pain, swelling, and other joint abnormalities.
1.2.10. Gout
1.2.10.1. is a type of arthritis that frequently affects the big toe and is brought on by an accumulation of uric acid in the joints. It causes abrupt, intense pain, redness, and swelling.
1.2.11. Scleroderma
1.2.11.1. is an uncommon autoimmune condition that causes the skin and connective tissues to stiffen and tighten; it can also occasionally affect internal organs
2. 3.Staffing and Scheduling
2.1. Staffing Pattern
2.1.1. Primary Nursing Care
2.1.1.1. During a patient's hospital stay, one nurse is in charge of their care.
2.1.2. Team Nursing
2.1.2.1. Team nursing is a care delivery paradigm in which a group of nurses and assistants work together to deliver care.
2.2. Staffing Ratio
2.2.1. 1 RN for 4-5 patients: During surgery or the recuperation period following surgery, higher ratios can be applicable
2.3. Coverage
2.3.1. 24/7: Due to operations, recuperation requirements, and emergencies (fractures, complications), coverage must be available around-the-clock.
2.4. Premiums
2.4.1. • Night Shift Premium: Higher wages for working nights because there are fewer employees. • Weekend Premium: Extra compensation for working on the weekends.
3. 8.Confidentiality and HIM
3.1. Lab Reports
3.1.1. Lab reports include CT scans, MRIs, X-rays, and external blood tests.
3.2. Referral Letters
3.2.1. These come from specialists or general practitioners and include the patient's medical history and the rationale for the referral.
4. 7.Admission, Transfer and Discharge
4.1. Admission Process
4.1.1. Elective
4.1.2. Emergency
4.2. LOS
4.2.1. 3 to 7 days as per the type of procedure
4.3. D/C Support
4.3.1. Home Care
4.3.1.1. Physical therapy, wound treatment, and nursing care are examples of home care.
4.3.2. Equipment
4.3.2.1. Wheelchairs and crutches are examples of mobility aids.
4.3.3. Follow up Appointments
4.3.3.1. Visits to track recovery following surgery
5. Patient Record
5.1. Operative Reports
5.1.1. Following surgery, surgeons dictate Operative Reports, which detail the procedure and post-operative treatment.
5.2. Consultation Reports
5.2.1. Written by experts such as physical therapists or rheumatologists, consultation reports provide insights into the patient's condition.
5.3. Radiology Reports
5.3.1. An overview of CT, MRI, or X-rays performed to diagnose musculoskeletal disorders or fractures.
6. 4.Communication
6.1. Communication Challanges
6.1.1. • Post- Surgery Pain and Medication: Pain or medicine may make it difficult for patients to communicate clearly. • Mobility Issues: Having trouble utilizing conventional communication devices following fractures or joint replacement surgery.
6.2. Communication Devices
6.2.1. Telephones (landlines, code phones, cellular/portable phones)
6.2.2. Computers, including COWs, tablets, handhelds, and desktops Justification
6.2.3. Electronic Bed Board
6.2.4. Patient Tracking Systems
6.2.5. Communication Board
6.2.6. Communication Devices (Fax, intercom, multi-phone lines, call bells)
6.2.7. Diagnostic Equipment
6.2.8. Dictaphone
6.2.9. Patient Charts
6.2.10. Stationary
7. 1.Health Care Professionals
7.1. MRP
7.1.1. Orthopedic Surgeon
7.1.1.1. An orthopedic surgeon is a specialist in musculoskeletal injury diagnosis, treatment, and surgery (e.g., fractures, joint replacements).
7.1.2. RHeumatologist
7.1.2.1. Provides advice on joint-related problems such as osteoporosis, arthritis, and autoimmune diseases.
7.2. Nursing Staff
7.2.1. Registered Nurse(RN)
7.2.1.1. In the orthopedic unit, a registered nurse (RN) provides direct patient care, keeps track of recuperation, gives prescriptions, and organizes treatment.
7.2.2. Orthopedic Nurse Practitioner(NP)
7.2.2.1. An orthopedic nurse practitioner (NP) oversees patient evaluations, aids in diagnosis, and offers rehabilitative and post-operative care.
7.3. Allied Staff
7.3.1. Physical Therapist
7.3.1.1. A physical therapist creates rehabilitation plans to assist patients in regaining their strength and mobility following surgery or an injury.
7.3.2. Occupational Therapist
7.3.2.1. Occupational therapists help patients regain their capacity to carry out everyday tasks, emphasizing independence and fine motor abilities.
8. 6.Risk Management
8.1. Specific Risks
8.1.1. Surgical Infection
8.1.1.1. Sterile procedures and post-operative care are necessary due to the risk of infection following surgery.
8.2. Hodpital Codes
8.2.1. Code Blue
8.2.1.1. Adult Cardiac Emergency
8.2.2. Code Red
8.2.2.1. Fire
8.2.3. Code Pink
8.2.3.1. Infant Cardiac Emergency