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Depression by Mind Map: Depression

1. Signs and Symptoms

1.1. Decreased sleep, bad eating habits, sad mood, leading to anxiety and outbreaks of dispair, obsessive thoughts, loss of memory, inability to make decisions, fatigue, weight loss/gain

1.1.1. More severe depression will pose more symptoms.

2. Treatment

2.1. Metformin or insulins for diabetes secondary to depression.

2.1.1. Some patients might benefit from deep brain stimulation

2.2. Physical activity such as walking, running, or going to the gym

2.2.1. Counseling sessions, support from clinical and non-clinical individuals.

2.3. SSRI drugs/antidepressents,Ketamine, Esmethadone,psychedelics, NSAIDs for inflammation

2.3.1. Over time medications can become inaffective. A variety of treatments will be important.

3. Risk Factors

3.1. Obesity, Substance abuse, family problems, lack of support, stress, female gender, cognitive impairment, older age, finances

4. Diagnostics

4.1. Questionaire method, EEG testing, but most of the time it is diagnosed with clinical symptoms.

4.1.1. CT to rule out other congnitive issues such as stroke. Basic labs to rule out electrolyte abnormalities and blood sugar highs or lows. TSH to rule out thyroid issues.

4.1.1.1. If 5 or more symptoms are found from the above signs and symptoms, a depressive disorder is diagnosed

5. Pathophysiology and Etiology

5.1. Recent studies show increased fibrinogen in patients with depression and mood disorders. This can affect memory, learning, and mood regulations, which also affect neurotransmitters such as Serotonin

5.2. Glutamate function is found to be disrupted in areas of the brain that are associated with depression. This results in deficient γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

5.3. Characterized by persistent low mood, slow thinking, cognitive dysfunction and loss of willpower

6. How does depression affect other body systems?

6.1. You might see chronic inflammation, cardiovascular disease and metabolic disease due to increased fibrinogen

6.2. It is also shown that people with depression also have diabetes mellitus.

6.3. Mood and sleep disturbance, brain fog, imbalances of hormones including decreased libido and cortisol levels. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to stress and inflammation. When anxiety is associates, heart rate increases. Aches and pains and GI upset are common

7. It has been shown that inflammatory disorders and depression are common with one another.

8. Referrals

8.1. Counseling or psychiatric care. If depression leads to suicidal ideations, short-term psychiatric care might be advised inpatient.

8.1.1. Social work

9. These patients are sometimes high suicide risk. Check on them regularly and ensure they have resources.

10. Depression is the leading cause of mental-health-related disability worldwide