The Periodic Table

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The Periodic Table by Mind Map: The Periodic Table

1. Classification

1.1. Metals

1.1.1. Generally good conductors of heat and electric current

1.1.2. Copper

1.2. Nonmetals

1.2.1. Poor conductors of heat and electric currents

1.2.2. Carbon

1.3. Metalloids

1.3.1. Properties similar to both but it depends on the condition

1.3.2. Silicon

2. Alkali Metals

2.1. They are found in group 1A

2.2. Most reactive of metals

2.3. 1+ Charge

2.3.1. Only one valence electron

2.4. Examples

2.4.1. Sodium

2.4.2. Potassuim

2.4.3. Lithium

2.5. Uses

2.5.1. Bipolar medication

2.5.2. Restoring Electrolytes

2.6. Physical Properties

2.6.1. silver-grey solids

2.6.2. soft

2.6.3. Low melting and boiling points

3. Alkaline Earth Metals

3.1. Found in group 2a

3.2. Less reactive than alkali metals

3.3. Examples

3.3.1. Beryllium

3.3.2. Magnesium

3.3.3. Calcium

3.4. React with water

3.5. React with halogens to form ionic halides

3.6. Physical Properties

3.6.1. Soft; harder than Alkaline metals

3.6.2. Grey-white luster when freshly cut

3.6.3. When exposed to air, quickly form a tough, thin oxide coat

3.6.4. Densities, melting points, and boiling points tend to be higher than the alkali metals in the same period

3.7. Not found in nature in the elemental state

4. Halogens

4.1. Nonmetal

4.2. Found in group 7a

4.3. Electron configuration ends in ns^2np^5

4.4. Exist as diatomic molecules

4.5. Examples

4.5.1. Fluorine

4.5.2. Bromine

4.5.3. Iodine

4.6. Blood substitutes

4.7. Tooth decay

4.8. Iodized salt

4.9. Physical Properties

4.9.1. Very reactive

4.9.2. Do not exist in the elemental state in nature

5. History

5.1. In the mid 1800's Mendeleev arranged the elements in his period table in the order of increasing atomic mass.

5.1.1. Mendeleev developed a way to show relationships among more than 60 elements.

5.2. In 1829, J.W. Dobereiner published a classification system; known elements were grouped into triads

5.3. In the modern day the periodic table is organized in order of increasing atomic number.

6. Periodic Law

6.1. Definition: The periodic law is when the elements are attached in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties

6.2. In my own words I would describe it as the physical and chemical properties of the element. The properties repeat in a specific pattern when arranged in order.

7. Noble Gases

7.1. Found in group 8a

7.2. Monatomic gases at STP

7.3. Examples

7.3.1. Helium

7.3.2. Neon

7.3.3. Krypton

7.4. Highest ionization energies because their energy levels are filled

7.5. Physical properties

8. Transitional Metals

8.1. Group B elements usually displayed in main body of Periodic table

8.2. Characterized by the presence of electrons in d orbitals

8.3. Examples

8.3.1. Copper

8.3.2. Gold

8.3.3. Titanium

8.3.4. Steel

8.4. Come from mineral deposits in Earth's crust

8.4.1. Ores

8.5. Physical properties

8.5.1. Ductile

8.5.2. malleable

8.5.3. Good conductors of heat and electric currents

8.5.4. Compounds tend to have color

9. Inner Transitional Metals

9.1. Elements that appear below the main body of the Periodic table

9.2. Characterized by the presence of electrons in f orbitals

9.3. Examples

9.3.1. Uranium

9.3.2. Cerium

9.3.3. Neptunium

9.4. Previously called rare-earth elements

9.5. Physical properties