Aristotle

1. Aristotle's Biology

1.1. to engage the problem of knowledge, we must begin with our senses

1.2. How do our senses differ from other animals?

1.3. animals have power of sensation and perception; more complex animals have intellectual power

1.4. humans have reason which is the ability to comprehend universals

2. How does Aristotle differ from Plato and Socrates?

2.1. is a scientific and practical thinker

2.2. does not believe in the world of forms

2.3. everything we can understand are the things we can touch

2.4. creates and applies scientific model to philosophical investigation

3. What is teological system?

3.1. everything in the world has causes ; Four causes

3.1.1. material cause: the material from which is made

3.1.2. formal cause: the shape or form a thing must take in order to be recognized

3.1.3. efficient cause: actual force used to made things

3.1.4. final cause: what is the ultimate purpose of the king