ITRW 321 Hoofstuk 12

1. Potential Centralized DBMS Problems

1.1. Performance degradation

1.2. High costs

1.3. Reliability problems

1.4. Scalability problems

1.5. Organizational rigidity

2. Distributed Processing and Distributed Databases

2.1. Distributed processing: Database’s logical processing is shared among two or more physically independent sites via network

2.2. Distributed database: Stores logically related database over two or more physically independent sites via computer network

2.3. Database fragments: Database composed of many parts in distributed database system

3. DDBMS Components

4. Multiple-Site Processing, Multiple-Site Data (MPMD)

5. Distributed Requests and Distributed Transactions

5.1. Remote request

5.2. Remote transaction

5.3. Distributed transaction

5.4. Distributed request

6. Distributed Database Design

6.1. Data fragmentation

6.2. Data replication

6.3. Data allocation

7. The CAP Theorem

8. Learning Objectives

8.1. How distributed database design draws on data partitioning and replication to balance performance, scalability, and availability

8.2. About the trade-offs of implementing a distributed data system

8.3. How transactions are managed in a distributed database environment

8.4. How database implementation is affected by different levels of data and process distribution

8.5. Discuss and evaluate the functioning of distributed database management systems;

8.6. About distributed database management systems (DDBMSs) and their components

9. Learning outcomes

9.1. discuss database transparency features;

9.2. Discuss and evaluate the functioning of distributed database management systems;

9.3. discuss the different levels of the distribution of data and the processing thereof;

9.4. discuss data fragmentation and data replication.

9.5. discuss distributed concurrency control; and

10. Evolution of Database Management Systems

10.1. Distributed database management system (DDBMS)

10.2. Centralized database management system

11. Changes that Affected the Nature of Systems

11.1. Globalization of business operation

11.2. Market needs for an on-demand transaction style, based on web-based services

11.3. Rapid social and technological changes fueled by low-cost smart mobile devices

11.4. Advent of social media to reach new customers and markets

11.5. Data realms converging in the digital world

12. Database Requirements in a Dynamic Business Environment

12.1. Rapid ad hoc data access

12.2. Distributed data access

13. Factors that Influenced DDBMS

13.1. Acceptance of Internet as a platform for business

13.2. Mobile wireless revolution

13.3. Growth of use of “application as a service

13.4. Emphasis on Big Data analytics

13.5. Focus on mobile business intelligence

14. Two-Phase Commit Protocol (2PC

14.1. DO-UNDO-REDO protocol

14.2. Write-ahead protocol

15. Data Allocation Strategies

15.1. Centralized data allocation

15.2. Partitioned data allocation

15.3. Replicated data allocation