1. Properties Of Waves
1.1. Speed
1.1.1. How far a wave travels in a given amount of time
1.1.2. Speed = Distance/Time
1.2. Amplitude
1.2.1. Maximum distance the medium vibrates from the rest position
1.2.2. Height of waves crest depends on amplitude
1.3. Frequency
1.3.1. Number of waves that passes a point in a certain amount of time
1.3.2. Measured in hertz (Hz), number of waves per second
1.4. Wavelength
1.4.1. Distance between two corresponding parts of a wave
2. Definition
2.1. A disturbance that travels through space or matter transferring energy from one place to another.
3. Formula
3.1. f = 1/T
3.2. v=fλ
4. Types Of Waves
4.1. Longitudinal
4.1.1. Direction of wave is parallel to the direction of vibrations of the particles
4.1.2. Example of waves: Sound wave
4.2. Transverse
4.2.1. Direction of wave is perpendicular to the direction of the vibration of the particles
4.2.2. Example of waves
4.2.2.1. electromagnetic waves
4.2.2.1.1. gamma ray
4.2.2.1.2. x ray
4.2.2.1.3. visible light
4.2.2.1.4. microwave
5. Behaviour Of Waves
5.1. Reflection
5.1.1. The interaction that occurs when a wave bounces off a surface it cannot pass through
5.1.2. Example: Looking at a mirror
5.2. Refraction
5.2.1. When waves travelling from one medium to another medium due to a change of speed
5.2.2. Example: A rainbow
5.3. Diffraction
5.3.1. When waves bend around the sides of an obstacle, or spread out as they pass through a gap.
5.3.2. Example: Radiowaves