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1. Type 1 diabetes

1.1. Hepoglycemia

1.1.1. Abnormally low blood glucose level (below 50–60 mg/dL).

1.1.2. Its causes include too much insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents, too little food, and excessive physical activity.

1.1.2.1. Manifestations: •Adrenergic symptoms: sweating, tremors, tachycardia, palpitations, nervousness, hunger. •Central nervous system symptoms: inability to concentrate, headache, confusion, memory lapses, slurred speech, numbness of lips and tongue, irrational or combative behavior, double vision, drowsiness. •Severe hypoglycemia may cause disorientation, seizures, and loss of consciousness.

1.1.2.1.1. ASSESSMENT) •Onset is abrupt and may be unexpected. •Symptoms vary from person to person. •Symptoms also vary related to the rapidly of decrease in blood glucose and usual blood glucose range. •Decreased adrenergic response may affect symptoms in persons who have had diabetes for many years probably related to autonomic neuropathy.

1.2. Type 1 diabetes affects approximately 5% of adults with the disease. •It is characterized by the destruction of the pancreatic beta cells. •Genetic , immunologic, and possibly environmental (e.g., viral) factors are thought to contribute to beta-cell destruction. •People do not inherit type 1 diabetes itself but rather a genetic predisposition (tendency).