1. Act of producing the sounds of a language
1.1. PHONETICS
1.1.1. study of production, transmission and perception of individual or combination of speech sounds or patterns of sounds as a result of single or combined ocurrence in words in different positions within languages
1.1.1.1. Articulatory
1.1.1.1.1. focus on the types of speech organs for the production of sounds
1.1.1.2. Acoustic
1.1.1.2.1. focus on the transmission of sounds from speaker's speech organs to listener's ears
1.1.1.3. Auditory
1.1.1.3.1. focus on the speech stimuli, auditory organs in combination with mind processes involved in the understanding of the meaning of the speech sounds articulated and transmitted
1.2. PHONOLOGY
1.2.1. study of the sound inventory of languages and their features as well as the pragmatics rules which specify how they interact with each other
1.2.1.1. Phonemes
1.2.1.1.1. Language-specific distinct unit of sound which distinguishes words from others
1.2.1.2. Allophones
1.2.1.2.1. any of the various phonetic realizations of a phoneme in a language, which do not contribute to distinctions of meaning.
1.2.1.3. Homophones
1.2.1.3.1. Words with different or similar spelling but with identical pronunciation
1.2.1.4. Minimal pairs
1.2.1.4.1. Two words with variations in one single sound
1.3. PHONOLOGICAL COMPETENCE
1.3.1. Knowledge and skill in the production and perception of Phonemes Allphones Phonetic features Phonetic composition of words Prosody
1.4. PRONUNCIATION FEATURES
1.4.1. Segmental
1.4.1.1. any graphically or orally identifiable discrete unit in speech stream
1.4.1.1.1. Phonemes
1.4.1.1.2. Morphemes or combination of phonemes
1.4.2. Suprasegmental
1.4.2.1. feature that are added or that accompany phonemes, syllables, words or even phrases
1.4.2.1.1. Intonation
1.4.2.1.2. Stress
1.4.2.1.3. Features of connected speech