1. Methods
1.1. samples all individuals in 7,305 households – a total of 15,634 adults and 9,408 children under 15
1.2. s (National Department of Health (DOH), Western Cape DOH, KwaZuluͲNatal DOH, Human Sciences Research Council and National Health Laboratory Service) and two private sources (MedPages and AfriGIS),
1.3. o plot the nonͲlinear relationship between proximity to health facilities and care seeking behaviors
1.4. Control measures
1.4.1. Primary education
1.4.2. Secondary education
1.4.3. High School
1.4.4. post high school
1.4.5. Marital status
1.4.6. employment
2. Results
2.1. View PDF for more detailed explantaions
2.2. . Ninety percent of South Africans live within 7km of the nearest public clinic, and twoͲthirds live less than 2km away.
2.3. Fifteen percent of Black African adults live more than 5km from the nearest facility, in contrast to only 7% of coloureds and 4% of whites.
2.4. Differences in access to medical aid (health insurance) are even starker with twoͲthirds of white adults covered in contrast to less than one tenth of Black Africans.
2.5. black South African households in higher income quintiles have better access to health facilities
2.6. Just over half of Black African women report a health consultation in the last year in contrast to around a third of Black African men
2.7. three meassures of access
2.7.1. Consultation in the past year
2.7.2. Private facility
2.7.3. nearest facility
2.8. women are more likely to have had a health consultation
2.9. individuals with medical insurance are between 20 and 23 percentage points more likely to have a health consultation.
2.10. having health insurance coverage is strongly related to the use of private clinics.
2.11. 3 important health services
2.11.1. Health professional present at child birht
2.11.2. Preventative care and immunization
2.11.3. road to heath card
3. Rubric answers
3.1. Claims
3.1.1. access to care plays a role in determining and reinforcing other measures of inequality
3.1.2. policies have historically privileged certain groups over others
3.1.3. the legacy of apartheid leaves non-whites in remote areas, which are potentially underserved
3.1.4. Even when health services are provided free of charge, monetary and time costs of travel to a local clinic represent the price of access to health care.
3.1.5. Black African race group is shown to be especially vulnerable to lack of access and we limit the rest of our analyses to this group.
3.2. Data/evidence
3.2.1. National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS)
3.2.2. Multiple studies found the same problem - distance influence utilization patters (refer to par 1 p3)
4. Abstract summary
4.1. Argument
4.1.1. Distance from the nearest clinic/ health care facility will influence the extent to which individuals seek medical attetion
4.2. Claims
4.2.1. Poorest tend to reside furthest from the clinic
4.2.2. Inability to bear travel costs constrains them to lower quality health care facilities
4.2.3. Men and women also exhibits different patterns
4.3. Data for support
4.3.1. Ninety percent of South Africans live within 7km of the nearest public clinic
4.3.2. two thirds live less than 2km away
4.3.3. However, 15% of Black African adults live more than 5km from the nearest facility, in contrast to only 7% of coloureds and 4% of whites.
4.4. Feeling
4.4.1. Personally, I feel it is a fair argument with valid points