1. RELATIONSHIP WITH THE CROWN
1.1. Colonel Richard Nichols assumed the government in the name of the Duke of York in 1664. His administration was marked by moderation, but he himself exercised both legislative and executive power.
1.1.1. He was known for writing "The Duke's Laws" which served as the first compilation of English laws in colonial New York
1.2. Francis Lovelace was next appointed Governor and held the position from 1667 to 1673
1.2.1. In 1672, during his administration Lovelace, war was declared by England against Holland
1.2.1.1. A Dutch fleet recaptured New York and held it until it was traded to the English by the Treaty of Westminster.
1.3. In 1674, the Duke of York appointed Sir Edmund Andros as Governor of his territories in America.
1.3.1. Sir Edmund Andros
1.4. In 1683, the new royal governor, Thomas Dongan, calls for a general assembly which would have the power to pass laws subject to the approval of the governor and the duke of York.
1.5. in 1685, When James ascended the throne and became King James II, his personally owned colony became a royal province.
1.5.1. During his rule, he rejects New York's Charter of Liberties and Privileges and in 1686 the Assembly is abolished.
1.6. In 1688, New York and New Jersey were added to the Dominion of New England, and Andros was appointed captain-general of the whole.
1.7. GLORIOUS REVOLUTION: Deposition of King James II
1.7.1. Andros was seized in Boston and imprisoned.
1.7.2. New York immediately rose in open rebellion to the existing government.
1.7.3. The province of New York rebelled in May 1689 in what is known as Leisler's Rebellion
1.7.3.1. Jacob Leisler and forty-nine others seized the fort at New York City, and held it for Queen Mary II.
1.7.3.1.1. In 1691, with the accession of William and Mary to the throne, New York became a royal province again
1.7.3.1.2. In 1691, The Council re-establishes in essence the "Charter of Liberties and Privileges", which sets up courts and local government.
1.7.4. Leisler's Rebellion
2. INDEPENCE FROM THE CROWN
2.1. The Albany Congress of 1754
2.1.1. The Albany Plan of Union represented the first officially-endorsed proposal to organize the American colonies under a single, centralized government.
2.2. Parliament passed the Stamp Act 1765 to raise money from the colonies
2.2.1. The New York assembly petitioned the British House of Commons for the Americans' right of self taxation
2.2.1.1. James De Lancey organized a meeting at Burns Tavern of New York merchants, where they agreed to boycott all British imports until the Stamp Act was repealed.
2.2.1.2. A leading moderate group opposing the Stamp Act were the local Sons of Liberty
2.3. The Battle of Golden Hill in 1770
2.3.1. IIt was between the British and the Sons of Liberty in 1770 in New York City.
2.3.2. It was one of the early violent incidents of the American Revolution
2.3.3. The Battle of Golden Hill
2.4. From 1764 to 1774 The British Parliament passed several acts taxing colonies without representation. Among these acts are:
2.4.1. The Sugar Act: to pay off the French and Indian war debt
2.4.2. The Stamp Act: to pay tax on all printed items directly to England
2.4.3. The Currency Act: it forbade colonies from issuing legal tender paper money
2.4.4. The Quartering Act: it ordered colonists to house English troops
2.4.5. Tea Act: to place a tax on imported tea
2.5. As a result of these acts, angry colonists meet to write formal protests and organize boycotts.
2.6. In 1774, British Parliament passed series of acts including the Coercive Acts (i.e. Intolerable Acts) which are intended to punish colonists for rebelling against previous acts and limit the colonists' freedoms such as self-rule.
2.6.1. The Colonial Assembly created a new Committee of Correspondence, a governmental committee, to communicate with other colonies regarding the Intolerable Acts.
2.6.2. The "Continental Association" was an agreement whereby colonies refuse to trade with England until the restoration of their basic rights.
2.7. In 1775, the Second Continental Congress elects John Hancock as its president and appoints George Washington commander-in-chief of the new Continental Army.
2.7.1. In April 1775, the rebels formed the New York Provincial Congress as a replacement for the New York Assembly.
2.8. on July 9, 1776, The Fourth Provincial Congress convened in White Plains and became known as the "New York First Constitutional Convention."
2.8.1. It was declared the independent state of New York.
2.9. In 1777, George Clinton was inaugurated as the first Governor of New York
2.10. In 1778, the State of New York signed the Articles of Confederation and officially became a part of the government of the United States of America.
2.11. The war finally ended in 1782 after the British defeat at the Battle of Yorktown.
2.11.1. The war did not end formally until the signing of the Treaty of Paris on September 3, 1783.
3. ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT
3.1. The New York Colony was one of the original 13 colonies located on the Atlantic coast of North America
3.1.1. New York Colony map
3.2. The New York Colony was classified as one of the Middle Colonies
3.3. New York was originally part of New Netherland. This Dutch colony was founded after Henry Hudson explored the area in 1609.
3.4. They created Fort Orange located at present-day Albany, New York.
3.4.1. Fort Orange
3.5. The first governor of New Netherlands, appointed by the West India Company, was Peter Minuit who arrived at New Amsterdam in 1625.
3.5.1. Peter Minuit