1. The SS (Schutzstaffel) - military group set up in 1925
1.1. Membership
1.1.1. 50,000 (1930s)
1.2. Leader
1.2.1. Heinrich Himmler (1929)
1.3. Recruitment
1.3.1. Had to be Aryan in appearance
1.3.1.1. Marry 'racially pure' wives
1.4. Main tasks
1.4.1. Personal bodyguards for Hitler (loyal)
1.4.2. Nazi Party's private police force
1.4.3. Carry out Nazi policy of racial purification
1.5. Key events
1.5.1. Murder SA leaders (Night of the long Knives)
1.5.2. Warned Hitler about Rohm (1934)
1.5.3. Put in charge of of all state security services
2. The Gestapo (Geheime Staatzpolizei)
2.1. Hitler's non-uniformed secret police force
2.1.1. Founder
2.1.1.1. Herman Goering (1933)
2.1.2. Leader
2.1.2.1. Under control of SS (1936)
2.1.2.1.1. Reinhard Heydrich
2.1.3. Main tasks
2.1.3.1. Create fear amongst German people
2.1.3.1.1. No uniform so could not be identified within public
2.1.3.2. Arrest people who acted/spoke against Nazi ideas
2.1.3.2.1. Offenders could be imprisoned without trial
2.1.4. Key events
2.1.4.1. 150,000 people under 'protective arrest' (1939)
2.1.4.1.1. Haven't commited criminal acts
2.1.4.1.2. At the mercy of their guards
3. The law courts
3.1. Nationalist Socialist League for the Maintenance of the Law
3.1.1. Membership
3.1.1.1. Hitler insisted that all judges should be members
3.1.1.2. Judges that displeases the Nazis were denied
3.1.2. Able to punish innocent people
3.2. People's Court
3.2.1. Hear all treason cases (offences against the state)
3.2.2. Judges hand picked by Hitler
3.2.3. Hitler increased sentences if he thought them to lenient
4. Concentration camps
4.1. Location
4.1.1. Secretive
4.1.2. Isolated
4.1.3. Outside cities
4.1.4. Away from public gaze
4.2. Prisoners
4.2.1. Political
4.2.2. Minority groups
4.2.2.1. Gypsies
4.2.2.2. Jews
4.2.3. Prostitutes
4.3. Key events
4.3.1. 1st concentration camp at Dachau (1933)
4.3.2. 1st concentration camp for women in Moringen (1933)
4.3.3. 1939
4.3.3.1. 6 concentration camps held 20,000 people
4.4. Changes
4.4.1. 1938 onwards - prisoners used as forced labour for business enterprise
4.4.1.1. Eg. producing army uniforms
4.4.2. After 1939, camps grew in size and number
4.4.2.1. Some were used for the mass murder of minority groups
5. Nazis vs. Christianity
5.1. Values
5.1.1. Christian
5.1.1.1. Tolerance
5.1.1.2. Peace
5.1.1.3. Respect for all people
5.1.2. Nazi
5.1.2.1. Racial superiority
5.1.2.2. Glorified strength/violence
5.1.3. Hitler tried to control Christian churches by encouraging them to work with the Nazi government
5.1.3.1. Values clashes
5.1.3.1.1. Hitler turned full force of police state against Christians
5.2. The Catholic Church
5.2.1. Sources of friction
5.2.1.1. Catholics owed their first allegiance to the Pope not Hitler, regarding social issues
5.2.1.2. Catholic schools
5.2.1.2.1. Taught values different to Nazi state schools
5.2.2. Concordat - agreement between Hitler and the Pope (July 1933)
5.2.2.1. Hitler agreed to...
5.2.2.1.1. Confirm freedom of worship for Catholics
5.2.2.1.2. Not to interfere with Catholic schools in Germany
5.2.2.2. The Roman Catholic Church...
5.2.2.2.1. Agreed that its priests wouldn't interfere in politics
5.2.2.2.2. Ordered German bishops to swear loyalty to the Nationalist Socialist regime
5.2.2.3. Results
5.2.2.3.1. Catholic priests were harassed and arrested; many ended up in concentration camps
5.2.2.3.2. Catholic schools were brought in line with state schools or closed
5.2.2.3.3. Catholic youth activities, like the Catholic Youth League were banned
5.2.2.3.4. Pope Pius XI realised Concordat worthless (1937)
5.3. The Protestant Church
5.3.1. Nazi supporters
5.3.1.1. Grateful that Hitler protected them from anti-Christian communists
5.3.1.2. Allowed Nazi flags to be displayed in their churches
5.3.1.3. Formed the German Christian Movement
5.3.1.3.1. Ludwig Muller (leader)
5.3.1.4. Protestant pastors that supported Hitler...
5.3.1.4.1. Allowed to carry on with their church services as normal
5.3.2. Nazi opposition
5.3.2.1. Pastor Martin Niemoller
5.3.2.1.1. Set up the Pastor's Emergency League (PEL) in 1933
5.3.2.1.2. In 1937, he was sent to a concentration camp and PEL banned