Deixis & Cohesion

1. Refers to the way in which a text encodes spatial & temporal relations btw objects,characters

1.1. Place deixis

1.2. time deixis

1.3. Person deixis: mediated through personal pronouns

1.4. Social deixis: regulate social distance btw characters

1.5. Empathic deixis: degree of closeness/distance

1.6. Involve pointing to a person , place or time rather than naming that person, place& time   e.g.: "I, you, there,when & then"

2. 2 types of deixis:

2.1. Anaphora:refers back to something in the co-text

2.2. Cataphora: refer forward to something

3. implied grammatical link btw textual units.It works with related elements

3.1. Referential cohesion: use pronouns, comparatives/demonstrative connections btw 2 sentences of a given text

3.2. Elliptical cohesion: based on an absence rather than presence.Word present semantically bur textually absent

3.3. Conjunctive cohesion: aim to make inter sentential connection easy

3.3.1. additive: eg=AND

3.3.2. adversative: eg= BUT

3.3.3. Causal eg: THEREFORE

3.3.4. Temporal eg=THEN

3.4. Lexical cohesion: use of words that are connected to a specific referential context

3.4.1. Identity :repetition of same word

3.4.2. Synonymy: close meaning e.g.: The Queen herself held up or the Queen unable to pass

3.4.3. Antonymy: opposite meaning

3.4.4. Hierarchical relationships : e.g. the Queen /the Prince