Explorers and Conquerors

1. John Smith

1.1. Played important role in establishment of Jamestown (1607)

1.2. First English explorer to map the Chesapeake Bay area

1.3. Supported English colonization of the "new world"

1.4. Pocahontas (1616) saves John Smith

1.5. Responsible for the survival of Jamestown

1.6. In 1614, he an area named “New England”

2. Francis Drake

2.1. Elizabeth I awarded Drake knighthood in 1581

2.2. Carried out the second (world) circumnavigation

2.3. Became hostile after Spanish attack in 1563

2.4. His second cousin was John Hawkins

2.5. Died in 1596 due to dysentery

2.6. Suffered many defeats in the hands of Spanish

3. Hernán Cortés

3.1. Caused fall of the Aztec Empire

3.2. Part of the generation of Spanish colonizers

3.3. Second cousin of Francisco Pizarro

3.4. In 1518, he set off to explore Mexico

3.5. He used deadly force to conquer Mexico

3.6. Faced challenges to his authority and position

4. Christopher Columbus

4.1. Made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean

4.2. "Discovered" the Americas in 1492

4.3. Wanted to spread Catholicism (a devout Catholic)

4.4. Stripped of his noble titles in 1502

4.5. Started exploration of the Americas

4.6. Controversial since he exploited and devastated Americas

5. James Cook

5.1. Made three voyages to the Pacific Ocean

5.2. Circumnavigated New Zealand in 1773

5.3. Discovered Australia and Hawaii Islands in 1770

5.4. Killed while attempting to kidnap a Hawaiian chef

5.5. 1758 took part of assault on Fortress of Louisbourg

5.6. Contributed much to knowledge of Pacific Ocean

6. Ferdinand Magellan

6.1. Set out in 1519 with 5 ships

6.2. Tasked to discover western sea route to Spice Islands

6.3. Discovered Strait of Magellan

6.4. One ship returned 3 years later (18 survived)

6.5. Killed in battle on voyage

6.6. Grandson of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella