1.1. Phonemes can vary depending on the vowels or consonants that accompany that phoneme.
2. 9.Phoneme
2.1. They are minimal units (Letters). On the one hand there are vowel phonemes and consonant phonemes.
3. 10.Phone
3.1. It is a Greek root that refers to sounds. It is the sound itself that has each phoneme.
4. 11.Vowels
4.1. It is a sound of the spoken language, and it is pronounced with the vocal tract open.
5. 13. Places of articulation
5.1. It is the point where an obstruction occurs in the vocal tract. The places of articulation are: Nasal cavity, palate, Velum, Uvula, Glottis, Lips, Dental, Alveopalatals, Labials, Blade, Pharynx…
6. 15.Segmental features
6.1. Segmental phonemes are similar, slightly different sounds within a language.
7. 1.Phonetics
7.1. It is the study of speech sounds of spoken languages. It studies how and where these sounds are produced.
8. 2. Phonology
8.1. This studies the sound and how the articulations must be used to say the sounds correctly (intonation) when speaking.
9. 3. Ortography
9.1. This allows words to have consistency, for this it maintains rules for the use of symbols and signs.
10. 4. International Phonetic Alphabet
10.1. It is a system of phonetic notation, its objective grants in a regularized way the representation of the sounds of any oral language.
11. 5.Articulatory phonetics
11.1. It is responsible for defining which organs are responsible for producing the sound and the position so that the air is expelled, causing different sounds.
12. 6.Auditory phonetics
12.1. It studies how the human being perceives the sound.
13. 7.Acoustic phonetics
13.1. It is responsible for studying the sound waves generated by the organs of phonation.
14. 12.Consonants
14.1. It is a sound of the spoken language, and that is pronounced with the vocal tract closed. This is any letter of the alphabet excluding vowels.
15. 14. Manners of articulation
15.1. There are six kinds of manner of articulation: Plosive, Nasal, Fricative, Affricative, Lateral, Approximant/glide.
