1. 5 Hypothesis
1.1. Affective Filter Hypothesis
1.1.1. Controls how much comprehensible input gets to the learner.
1.1.2. Anxiety, Low Self-Esteem, not part of the group, can keep Input from reaching the student.
1.1.2.1. Goal in Language Teaching is to "lower the affective filter by creating a "safe" environment for the student to learn to maximize Comprehensible Input.
1.2. Natural Order Hypothesis
1.2.1. We acquire language in a predictable order. It is immune to teaching, drilling grammar is of little use until they acquire the knowledge.
1.3. Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis
1.3.1. Language Learning is a conscious process, we learn about the language, such as grammar rules.
1.3.2. Language Acquisition is something that we do subconsciously, it comes from being around the language.
1.4. Monitor Hypothesis
1.4.1. Learned language can be used to monitor what we have acquired and correct errors. This helps students' accuracy.
1.5. Input (Comprehension) Hypothesis
1.5.1. How Language Acquisition occurs.
1.5.1.1. We acquire language when we obtain comprehensible input (when we understand the things we hear/read).
1.5.1.2. Comprehensible Input Formula is i +1. i is the student's level of proficiency. +1 represents input slightly above their level.
1.5.1.2.1. i +1 is the key to enable further acquisition to take place.
2. In the Classroom
2.1. Applied Research of Krashen's Language Monitoring Model Theory in College English Listening Teaching Dongmei Sheng
2.1.1. "This requires us English teachers to pay attention to training the students' ability to understand the language in teaching, especially the listening ability, listening as much as possible to create a rich language environment for students."
2.1.2. "Teachers should make full use of all teaching resources and means to improve students' listening ability in a more favorable language environment and then optimize the students' English acquisition."
2.2. Krashen the ESL classroom, effective English language teaching
2.2.1. "Krashen’s ideas when combined with others that provide form and structure will enable learning. Krashen’s foundation is that language is structured communication. He also argues that a technical study of a language (grammar, syntax and structure) is not learning a language. Sort of like being the best car mechanic in the world but not knowing how to drive."
3. Criticism
3.1. Emphasis of Acquisition over Learning
3.2. Lack Direction
3.3. Students will eventually reach a point where they need instruction to progress.
3.4. Doesn't clarify what should be taught and what is acquired.
3.5. Over Simplification of SLA.
4. Because of Krashen's Theory
4.1. His work led to several new SLA physcological theories.
4.2. Cognitve and Development pyschologist believe their is no distrinction between acquistion and learning.
4.2.1. Meaning that general learning theories are sufficent to descibe the language learning process.
4.3. VanPatten argued that Language Acquisition involved process unique to the language that is being learned.
4.3.1. He and other scientist are studying the mechanism that enables learners to comprehend and produce language.
4.4. A Critical Evaluation of Krashen’s Monitor Model Wen Lai, and Lifang Wei
4.4.1. "This theory has played a crucial role in facilitating the teaching of second language all over the world, and some effective teaching methods have been based on his main claims in the theory for facilitating the learners to better acquire the second language."
4.4.1.1. http://www.academypublication.com/issues2/tpls/vol09/11/13.pdf