1. Free- soil party
1.1. 1848
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1.3. In the election of 1848 both the wig party and the Democratic Party hoped to win by not taking a stand on the issue of slavery. Anti Whigs and democrats joined forces to create a new political party free soil party. It called for territory gained in the Mexican American war to be free soil a place where slavery was banned
2. Election of Zachary Taylor
2.1. 1848
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2.1.1.1. In the election of 1848 the controversy over the Wilmot proviso led to the development the free soil party. Democrats nominated senator Lewis cass of Michigan, the Whig nominated gen. Zachary Taylor and the free soil party nominated former democratic president Martin van buren. Senator cass suggested that the people in each new territory should decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery. Zachary Taylor, a hero of the Mexican American war won the election.
3. The compromise of 1850
3.1. 1850
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4. The fugitive slave act
4.1. 1850s
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4.1.1.1. Allowed special government officials to arrest any person accused f being a runaway slaves. Suspects had no right to trail to prove that they had been Farley accused. All it took was a slave a slaveholders property. The law also required northern citizens to help capture accused runaways if authorities requested assistance.
5. Uncle toms cabin
5.1. 1852
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5.1.1.1. Written by hariet Stowe in 1852, it was a novel about kindly Uncle Tom an enslaved man who is abused by the cruel Simon Legree. The book became a best seller in the north. It shocked thousands of people who had been unconcerned with slavery before reading the book. The book caused people to view slavery as a human, moral problem and not just a political issue. White southerners were outraged
6. The Kansas-Nebraska act
6.1. 1854
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6.1.1.1. Senator Stephen Douglass pushed through the act in 1854 which led the nation closer to war. He wanted to see a railroad built from Illinois through the Nebraska territory to the pacific coast. He suggested creating two new territories the Kansas territory and Nebraska territory. Both were above the Missouri compromise line and would become free states which upset the southerner. To win southern support, he suggested that the issue of silvery be resolved by popular sovereignty. This would undo the Missouri compromise.
7. Bleeding Kansas
7.1. 1854
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7.1.1.1. Both pro slavery and anti slavery settlers flooded to Kansas in march of 1855 to vote illegally in the election of territorial legislature. Kansas had 3000 voters but almost 8000 people voted. Of the 39 people(legislators) elected all but 3 supported slavery. Antislavery settlers refused to accept the results and held another election. Kansas now had two governments
8. Bloodshed in the senate(Senator Charles Summer Attacked)
8.1. 1855
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8.1.1.1. Charles summer of Massachusetts was the leading abolitionist senator and made fery speeches denouncing the proslavey legislature in Kansas. In one of his speeches he singled out Andrew butler who was an elderly senator from South Carolina who was not present when he gave his speech. A few days later his nephew congressman Preston brook, marched into the senate chamber and beat summer with a heavy canne until he fell to the floor bloody and unconscious. Sumner never really recovered from his injuries
9. Republican Party
9.1. 1854
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9.1.1.1. The whig party spilt in 1854 and many northern Whigs formed a new political party called the Republican Party. The main goal was to stop the spread of slavery into the western territories. Their antislavery stand attracted many northern democratics and free soil members. The party quickly became very powerful. In the first stage of congressional elections held just a few months after the party was created, 105 of 245 candidates were elected to the hous of representatives. Democrats also lost control of two northern state legislature. Two years later the party ran its first candidate for president John c. Fermont
10. The election of 1856
10.1. 1856
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10.1.1.1. First republican candidate John c fremont( army officer who help win California's independence in the Mexican American war) waged a strong antislavery campaign and won 11of the 16 free states. Democrat James bulthanan won the election.
11. Dred Scott v. Stanford case
11.1. 1850s
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11.1.1.1. Dred Scott was an enslave person who had once been owned by a u.s army doctor. They had lived in Illinois and winconsin territory for a short time where slavery was illegal. They settled in Missouri. With the help of an antislavery lawyer, Scott sued for his freedom be he argued that he was free because he has lived where slavery was illegal. The case reached the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court delivered it verdict in the case on march of 1857, three days after president Buchanan took office.cheif justice roger toney wrote the decision for the court
12. Missouri compromise
12.1. 1800
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12.1.1.1. As America began moving west the issue of whether or not slaves should be allowed in the new states forming out west became an issue the fist state in which this became an issue was Maine. It's addition to the United States threatened to upset the balance between slave states and free states. In 1820 senator Henry clay persuaded congress to approve the Missouri compromise. The Missouri compromise stated 1: Maine was admitted as a free state. 2:Missouri was admitted as a slave state. 3: Louisiana territory north of Missouri's southern border was free 4:southern slave owners gained the right to pursue escaped fugitives in to free regions
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13. The WilmotProviso
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13.1.1. Since the Missouri compromise did not apply to the large territory gained from Mexico in 1848 representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania proposed that congress ban slavery in all territory that might become part of the United States as a result of Mexican American war. The proposal passed in the house house but failed in the senate.