1. **1. WHO are we empathizing with?**
1.1. People with disabilities (e.g. blind, in wheelchairs, hearing problems, etc.)
1.1.1. The traditional podium does not fit them, either because of height, or the set up of it.
1.1.1.1. The targeted stakeholders who will benefit from the sit-to-stand podium.
1.2. We want to understand people who don't have easy access to podiums. People with physical disabilities are the ones we really want to understand and make using a podium easier for them.
1.2.1. They are in a situation where they are facing disaffordances to public podiums.
1.2.1.1. Their role is that they are the target audience for sit to stand podium project
1.3. We look to build this design for folks who require additional needs and want to understand the support they seek during public speaking.
1.3.1. They are disabled and have found most podiums to be exclusive to individuals who use wheelchairs and have a body different from what is considered the average body type.
1.3.1.1. They are the users so they will be the ones using the podium.
1.4. People with disabilities - visible and invisible such as Georgetown students, faculty, and staff, Visitors to Georgetown events using the podium, and the Disability Culture Center, Georgetown Event Management Services (GEMS)
1.4.1. They will be using the podium that supports their needs: For people who are giving presentations and lectures To assist them in delivering their message better Help them create coherent presentations with technology and connect with their audience
1.4.1.1. People who will be using the podium: Presenters - From Georgetown or a visitor Support staff - Staff responsible for setting up the presentation or event
1.5. The disabled communities in Georgetown - as many types of disabilities and impairments Presenters - anyone who might present using this podium
1.5.1. Event/talk
1.5.1.1. They are presenting at the podium in front of an audience
2. **2. What do they need to DO?**
2.1. They need to be able to set up the podium with minimal physical effort or motor skills. Adjusting the height or mechanism should be easy.
2.1.1. They want to deliver their speeches in a more comfortable way, without worrying about physical strains or adjusting the facilities frequently that disrupt them.
2.1.1.1. Decide the optimal height/width of the podium Decide the weight of the podium Select additional features based on their needs (e.g., microphones)
2.1.1.1.1. They are able to set up the podium by themselves easily They are able to deliver the speeches without being discomfortable or distracted by the podium They can easily transport the podium
2.2. They need to use podiums that are designed in a way that their physical inaccessibility doesn't come in the way
2.3. They would have access to a podium that has space for them to move closer to the podium. Most podiums are like closed walls, so they would have an open podium that allows proximity and comfortable leg room.
2.3.1. They have to publicly deliver a speech they have memorized or know well in a clear audible manner over a podium that is adjusted to their height and has room underneath to account for distance from the podium and microphone.
2.3.1.1. How do I comfortably share my message in a relaxed yet informative manner? How long will it take for me to deliver this message? Do I need to make adjustments to the podium prior to my speech or during?
2.3.1.1.1. The speaker is able to deliver their message with a sense of ease, notes/messages are organized, and the speaker is able to provide feedback on the effectiveness of the podium.
2.4. For presenters: Podium should enhance their comfort while presenting making it adjustable in height. For support staff: The podium should be easy to maintain with minimum effort. It should be adjustable and portable, unable to be fixed, and have lockable wheels.
2.4.1. Decision: Does it make the setup process easy?
2.4.1.1. Is it easy to use? Does it support a variety of presentation methods?
2.5. What do they need to do differently? - This question feels weird
2.5.1. They are there to express an idea an audience
2.5.1.1. Preparation - what to talk about, how to talk about it, length of time Execution - how much to stick to a script, how to interact with the audience, improvisation
2.5.1.1.1. The speakers will feel confident and focused on their speech instead of the equipment. They define their own success.
3. **3. What do they SEE?**
3.1. Standard heavy fixed podiums Expensive
3.1.1. Furniture like podiums for disabled people are missing. Much more effort to meet a satisfied life than others due to the lack of well-designed facilities.
3.1.1.1. Offering help but limiting their independence
3.1.1.1.1. The majority might have not realized their needs. So even they come up with a brilliant idea about a sit-to-stand podium, it can not be realized
3.2. Some sit-to-stand podiums are available, but there isn’t a huge variety. Additionally, these are not the standard industry choice.
3.2.1. Sit-to-stand podiums aren’t typically available. The podiums in most places aren’t accessible to people in wheelchairs.
3.2.1.1. Others question why they need a different podium or why they need to use a podium at all. Others don’t understand the issue.
3.2.1.1.1. This issue isn’t really covered by most mainstream media.
3.3. Podiums that are not always inclusive to their disability and body but are marketed as a needed tool for presenting. Podiums become a representation of power during a talk.
3.3.1. Many furniture and items they use in their daily lives aren’t entirely accessible to them. Podiums are typically too tall for them and provide a visual barrier.
3.3.1.1. Others who are able-bodied are not actively thinking about how podiums are exclusive to disabled people. They see others being able to freely use podiums with little adjustment.
3.3.1.1.1. That podiums are not inclusive for all bodies but needed for “proper” and “standard” presentation.
3.4. A podium is an accessory to enable a presenter to finish their task on stage.
3.4.1. Big and like a barrier between audience and speakers The current podium makes the presentation difficult to conduct.
3.4.1.1. It doesn’t make the presenter approachable.
3.4.1.1.1. They are not adjustable!!!!
3.5. Wood, standard podiums in big halls/event spaces. Requires people of average height to stand the entire time. Stagnant model—not adjustable. Microphones are kind of adjustable.
3.5.1. Standing at the podium; podiums are typically used at formal events. Current podiums are often too high and inaccessible for wheelchair users
3.5.1.1. Watching: similar to what they see in the marketplace—people having to stand to use the podium
4. **4. What do the SAY?**
4.1. Don’t feel relaxed and comfortable in front of the audience because they find the podium is not suitable for their condition.
4.1.1. Be more comfortable and confident talking, and feel that they are in control of the event because the podium meets their needs, and gives them a positive mental and physical influence.
4.2. They feel like they’re separate and that they are being excluded from a space others don’t question having access to.
4.2.1. Most people having to present in front of a large audience experience some nervousness leading up to the event. This stress would be multiplied by the added worry of whether the space will be accessible for them or not.
4.3. They want to be included and treated as any able-bodied person. They deserve to have access to the same tools and resources without being seen as an outlier.
4.3.1. When using this new podium design we can imagine them being excited and seen. We can imagine them telling us how they feel with this design and how it may have improved their ability and feelings towards public speaking.
4.4. Anything a person needs to participate in community fully Consider language, communication, built environment, social media, lighting, pace, practices
4.4.1. Budget-friendly, it is easy to fix or replace if damaged.
4.5. The podium will be used in Riggs for a variety of events and purposes, and should be as widely accessible as possible
4.5.1. Want podium to be height adjustable, microphone should not be handheld, a fancy design
5. **6. What do they HEAR?**
5.1. People with physical disabilities might hear others talk about their physical appearance and limitations. People in wheelchairs might hear others talk about their physical limitations to using a podium. They might hear others say how they should not be using a podium or question their credibility.
5.1.1. Friends might offer help or assistance with the podium or technology. Might hear some encouraging comments. They might talk about how the equipment is not user-friendly.
5.1.1.1. They might hear their colleagues talk about the lack of accessibility and preparation from the venue. Colleagues might offer help or assistance with the podium. They might comment on logistical factors.
5.1.1.1.1. They might hear comments on the importance of having accessible spaces, resources, and equipment. They might hear comments on how others have also struggled with podiums before.
5.2. Others ask if they need help.
5.2.1. Friends encourage them to express their needs.
5.2.1.1. They hear feedback on presentations from colleagues.
5.2.1.1.1. They hear stories about others facing similar challenges
5.3. Speakers, particularly women and those of smaller stature or with disabilities, may hear comments that reflect how their physical presence at the podium appears diminished. Others may remark on how they seem less authoritative or commanding compared to taller individuals who fit the traditional podium size more comfortably.
5.3.1. Friends might empathize with their struggles, possibly expressing frustration or support for the systemic design issues that disadvantage certain individuals. They may share their own experiences of feeling marginalized or less confident when speaking behind oversized or inaccessible podiums.
5.3.1.1. Colleagues may offer feedback on how the physical limitations of the podium impact their professional image, especially in academic or professional settings. Some might share constructive advice, such as how to adjust their stance or positioning to overcome the design limitations, while others might highlight similar challenges they face in their own public speaking.
5.3.1.1.1. Secondhand, they might hear feedback from event organizers or other professionals, possibly discussing the importance of adjusting podium designs to fit a broader range of body types.
5.4. You can just not use a podium.
5.4.1. You are not good enough to stand behind a podium.
5.4.1.1. Be realistic about how often you’ll use it.
5.4.1.1.1. People look uncomfortable behind a podium
5.5. Feedback or questions from audience
5.5.1. Absence of discussion of accessibility in this type of setting—presenting
5.5.1.1. Not comfortable or accessible for disabled people
5.5.1.1.1. Disabled people implicitly hearing that their are or are not important
6. **5. What do they DO?**
6.1. They try to make the most of a bad situation. For example, I have observed disabled persons opting not to use a podium or manipulating their bodies to adapt to an ill-fitting podium.
6.1.1. I have observed disabled persons often using humor (making their disability the butt of a joke) to deflect from an unfortunate circumstance.
6.1.1.1. Presenting themselves in a more confident manner without the need to adapt
6.2. They give speeches, lectures, and talks while trying to find ways to be seen and heard.
6.2.1. We've observed them speaking from their wheelchairs, but we haven't seen them using a podium.
6.2.1.1. We can imagine them finding a better solution for their height needs.
6.3. They give their speech and lecture with the current resources they are provided through the university. They adjust to whatever circumstance they are presented with.
6.3.1. They tend to avoid using podiums, often finding ways to give their speech without one. With their materials on their lap and a mic in hand, they juggle multiple elements just to remain visible to the audience. They often try to adjust their posture based on the podium whether they crouch down or lengthen their spine to appear taller or shorter.
6.3.1.1. They would be approaching the newly designed podium with confidence, they feel it will be less of an adjustment than before. They are more comfortable now, as the podium provides space for their tools and notes, allowing them to keep their hands free. This enables a more open dialogue with the audience, maintaining better visual contact throughout.
6.4. Assumpyion: The podium currently used probably adheres to ADA standards. However, we are not sure.
6.4.1. Tall people have to bend down when speaking.
6.4.1.1. A new podium needs to be created or an existing podium design needs to be repurposed to provide options for people with disability.
7. **7. What do the THINK and FEEL?**
7.1. PAINS What are their fears, frustrations, and anxieties? They may fear that if one day no one can help them set up or adjust the podium They may feel frustrated by the physical strain or discomfort caused by the traditional podiums that are not at their height levels or need frequent adjustments that disrupt them They may feel anxious about whether their special needs would exclude them from opportunities or being judged by others who do not understand their needs
7.1.1. GAINS What are their wants, needs, hopes, and dreams? They may want a relaxing and comfortable experience on the stage and no barriers from the podium so they can fully immerse themselves in their speech or talk. They need a podium that can meet their needs, help them reduce anxiety, and make them more self-sufficient so they won’t feel that they are trouble for others. They may hope and dream that in the future they don’t need to worry about the podium when they are on stage, because all the podiums are more accessible and inclusive.
7.2. This depends heavily on the content of the speech, but I would imagine a level of nervousness and anticipation, as well as a desire to be prepared to deliver the best speech or presentation as possible. Depending on the speaker and their style, they may have a desire to blend seemlessly into the speaking engagement, or perhaps they have a desire to have a more bold approach to the space their entering (as in the case of the Alterpodium).
7.2.1. PAINS Frustrations with a built world designed for a singular body type Perhaps jaded, prepared to have to jump through extra hoops to get set up Perhaps some fear or skepticism if organizer does not have true accessibility
7.2.1.1. GAINS Desire to integrate, have a story centered Desire to deliver and inspire, inform, whatever their goal is with the speech Perhaps a desire to not have to worry about extra accommodations Dream of a built world that completely includes their body type What other thoughts and feelings might motivate their behavior? A whole wealth of factors might affect their motivations, again, depending on the nature of the engagement. Furthermore, they may have residual thoughts and feelings from the work day or from their commute to the venue. In fact, Georgetown is notoriously difficult to navigate, especially with a physical disability, so a certain level of discomfort may be expected, as well as a certain fatigue. Because of the nature of Georgetown and Riggs library, some might feel a sense of imposter syndrome, or the space itself might feel imposing and formal. This may add pressure and a feeling of stress, which may motivate them to really perform at their best.
7.3. PAINS What are their fears, frustrations, and anxieties? - Self consciousness, feelings of desolation or estrangement. Frustration with podiums that do not accommodate their body type or height. A podium that is either too tall or too short. A fear of communicating about the ineffectiveness of the podium.
7.3.1. GAINS - They will gain a sense of security and empowerment. They will feel safe on the podium and empowered to share an influential message. What are their wants, needs, hopes and dreams? They want there to be a podium already accessible and inclusive to them and others without needing to place a special request. They hope all podiums in the future would be inclusive and consider disabled people in their design, so that public speaking at an event isn’t a dehumanizing experience for them. What other thoughts and feelings might motivate their behavior? They may feel passionate about design justice and disability advocacy as a disabled person and want to work towards efforts to make everyday tools inclusive to other disabled people. They want to share their experiences as much as possible for others to better understand what specific challenges disabled people face when going about their daily lives.
7.4. It shouldn’t hide the person. It should accentuate their identity and their accomplishments.
7.4.1. GAINS - What are their wants, needs, hopes, and dreams? Sit-to-stand [the feature is in the name] functionality - Being able to adjust height for both standing and sitting positions Lightweight Lockable wheels for mobility Adjustable in height (easily adjusted, motorized) Attachment to wheelchair
7.5. PAINS What are their fears, frustrations, and anxieties? Fear of a bad presentation, technical difficulties, stage fright/being scared of public speaking, inaccessibility
7.5.1. GAINS What are their wants, needs, hopes and dreams? To be as approachable as possible, to be able to clearly communicate their ideas, to connect with their audience, to minimize distractions and errors during the presentation, to spend as little time as possible preparing for the presentation What other thoughts and feelings might motivate their behavior? Make sure your client is satisfied with your presentation, making sure your audience is connecting to your presentation, the narrative/conversations happening in their field