1. Hill Sach lesion
1.1. may occur with bankart lesion
1.2. damage to humeral head after anterior dislocation
1.3. indentation of posterior humeral head (compression #)
1.4. large lesions can lead to recurrent dislocation
1.5. X ray-AP view, stryker notch view 10 degree tilt beam
2. Bankart lesion
2.1. lesion in anterior glenoid labrum
2.2. repeated ant. shoulder dislocation
2.3. 3 ‘o’ clock to 7 ‘o’ clock
2.4. associated with anterior instability
3. • Thoracic outlet syndrome
3.1. radiating pain
3.2. bluish C8-T1
3.3. Vascular or neurological issues
3.4. Test
3.4.1. Adson
3.4.2. allen
3.4.3. ROOS
3.4.4. military brace
3.4.5. Wright test
3.4.6. Halstead Maneuver
3.4.7. Provocation Elevation Test
3.5. Check vitals, posture, muscle tightness (scalene, SCM)
4. • proximal humerus fracture
5. SLAP Lesion
5.1. superior labrum anterior posterior
5.2. 10 ‘o’ clock to 2 ‘o’ clock
5.3. biceps may get injured
5.4. test-
5.4.1. active compression test of O brien (Type II)
5.4.2. Anterior slide test
5.4.3. biceps load test
5.4.4. biceps tension test
5.4.5. compression rotation test
5.4.6. dynamic labral shear test
5.4.7. forced shoulder abd. elbow flexion
5.4.8. hyper abduction test
5.4.9. labral crank test
5.5. pain with excess ER, resisted supination
6. • Scapular instability
6.1. test
6.1.1. lateral scapular slide test
6.1.2. scapular load test
6.1.3. eccentric hold test
6.1.4. scapular assistance test
6.1.5. Scapular isometric pinch or squeeze test
6.1.6. scapular retraction test
6.1.7. wall pushup test
7. Frozen shoulder
7.1. Stage 4 Thawing (15-24months) minimal pain, no synovitis, motion improves, capsular restriction
7.2. Stage 1 (<3months) gradual pain increase With movement, night pain, loss of E.R., intact RC strength
7.3. Stage 3 frozen (9-15months) Pain only with movement, muscle atrophy, adhesions
7.4. Stage 2 freezing (3-9months) : Persistant and rest pain , limited motion in all 4 direction
8. rotator cuff tendonosis/tendonopathy
8.1. Abrasion sign (frayed tendon)
8.2. Drop arm test(Codman)-for Tear
8.3. dropping sign- Infraspinatus tear
8.4. Hornblower sign- Teres Minor
8.5. Rent sign-depression
8.6. Whipple Test
8.7. subscapularis
8.7.1. abdominal compression - belly press
8.7.2. bear hug test
8.7.3. lift off sign
8.7.4. subscapularis spring back or lag test
8.8. LR lag sign-Infraspinatus spring back
9. • impingement syndrome
9.1. secondary-
9.1.1. faulty biomechanics, hypermobility, instability
9.2. test:
9.2.1. posterior impingement (Abd +E+LR PAIN)
9.2.1.1. posterior internal impingement
9.2.1.2. reverse impingement sign
9.2.2. anterior impingement (F+MR+ADD PAIN)
9.2.2.1. Hawkins Kennedy Impingement Test
9.2.2.2. coracoid impingement , yocum test
9.2.2.3. neer impingement test
9.2.2.4. internal rotation resistance strength test/ Zaslav test
9.3. primary: mehnaical GH impingement
9.3.1. intrinsic
9.3.1.1. shape of acromion, vascularity
9.3.2. extrinsic
9.3.2.1. dec. suprahumeral space, trauma, postural imbalance
10. • Subacromial/ subdeltoid bursitis
10.1. pain in AROM, PROM
11. • bicipital tendonsis/tendonopathy
12. • Acromio-clavicular joint dysfunction
12.1. step deformity
12.2. test:
12.2.1. AC shear test
12.2.2. cross body adduction
12.2.3. paxino sign
12.2.4. ellman’s compression rotation
12.3. pain in abduction in 170-180 degree
13. sternoclavicular joint dysfunction
14. Dislocation
14.1. anterior
14.1.1. axillary nerve may injure
14.1.2. MOI: Abd+LR
14.1.3. Test
14.1.3.1. Ant. apprehension test
14.1.3.2. fulcrum test
14.1.3.3. surprise test
14.1.3.4. anterior drawer test
14.1.3.5. Dugas test
14.2. posterior
14.2.1. MOI: F+Add
14.2.2. Test
14.2.2.1. Jerk Test
14.2.2.2. load& shift test
14.2.2.3. posterior apprehension
14.2.2.4. posterior drawer test
14.3. inferior
14.3.1. MOI: Abd+Inf
14.3.2. Test
14.3.2.1. Sulcus sign
14.3.2.2. feagin test
14.3.2.3. Rowe test
15. Glenohumeral Joint
15.1. Close pack position
15.1.1. Max. Abduction, E.R.
15.2. Capsular Pattern
15.2.1. ER, ABd., IR
15.3. Gonio Axis:
15.3.1. MR, LR: Olecranon process
15.3.2. F,E, ABD, ADD.: Anterior aspect of acromion process
15.4. ROM
15.4.1. F: 180
15.4.2. E:60
15.4.3. Abd:180
15.4.4. MR:70
15.4.5. LR: 90
15.5. Roll & Slide opp
15.6. Resting Position
15.6.1. 55-70 Deg. F, 30 deg. Abd, neutral rotation