1. The Radical Party contrast with both the conservative and liberal perspectives, yet radicals do not believe that the free market capitalism is the best for the economy. This party believes that the democratic socialism is a fair usage to the economic system. Karl Marx of the 19th century was a German political economist, and a philosopher who founded socialism (PAGE 25, Exploring Education textbook). Karl Marx radical critic: http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft4q2nb3dn&chunk.id=d0e559&toc.depth=1&toc.id=d0e559&brand=ucpress
2. Factos such as:
2.1. ELL< English language learners>
2.2. Educational Effeiency
2.2.1. Which are measured by test scores, grades, drop out rates,college entrance statistics and college completion rates.
2.3. Diveristy
2.4. Every child is granted a FREE public education, and the government expects all to attend,
3. Interesting site to look too for research : http://www.tc.columbia.edu/epsa/sociology/
3.1. SAGE journal: http://soe.sagepub.com/
4. Politics of Education
4.1. Liberal
4.1.1. The Liberals accept the conservative belief in a market capitalist economy, but believes that the free market is left unregulated, unsupported. This causes a disadvantage to those people whom are economically and politically challenged. The Liberals are primarily concerned with the balancing of the economy (PAGE 24, Exploring Education textbook). EQUALITY, notable. http://www.liberal.org.uk/policies/education.htm
4.2. Radical
4.3. Progressivism
4.3.1. Definition: http://www.siue.edu/~ptheodo/foundations/progressivism.html Individuality, progress and change are important aspects to each individuals learning process. Progressive teachers normally try to make school fun and challenging, which calls for students to problem solve by using what they already know. Oftentimes, these students learn through experiments and problem solving. However, an accommodation may be that a student is allowed 2 call outs for help from their pinky partner. A great video clip http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/progressivism-overview-practical-teaching-examples.html it discusses John Dewey.
5. History of U.S. Education
5.1. NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND, 2001 by W. George Bush
5.2. or better known as; NCLB
5.2.1. Achievement Gap (page 5)
5.3. NCLB led to RTT better known as Race to the Top which has continued to carryout many of the policies under the No Child Left Behind Act
5.3.1. Programmatic Reform (aimed at reducing economic and cultural disadvantage such as; social, economic, and health and to advocate for those who face poverty) Page 7
5.4. COLEMAN REPORT (1966)focus on the inequalities of educational achievement, variety of factors from both INSIDE/OUTSIDE of schools. Which are seen as responsible for the achievement gaps.
5.5. National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) = Is responsible for the DATA
6. Sociology of Education
6.1. School vs. Society
6.2. 19th century; promise industrialization, urbanization, and growing faith in the democracy of education.
6.3. Empiricism: the collection and analysis of social facts within a theoretical context that helped researchers' to build their findings (collecting DATA) PAGE 18-19
7. Philosophy of Education as of Spring 2015
7.1. Essentialism
7.1.1. Realism
7.1.2. Contemporary issues within society
7.1.3. Focus on the 5 main subject matters which are:
7.1.3.1. science, mathematics, reading and english
7.1.4. Essentialism relates directly to the economic and political advantages.
7.1.5. Does not call for a lot of student engagement which is where I come to disagree, In order for students to learn he or she must e active learners.
7.1.6. Teacher acts as a role model and guides the instruction. However, essentiaism refers to teacher centered classrooms. I believe that this can be altered depending on the subject, class, lesson and level of learning.
7.1.7. Students are far more than note takers, students should be viewed as active participants.
7.1.8. ,More of a lecturing setting. Which is oftentimes needed for elementary schooling.
7.2. Progressivism
7.2.1. Pragmatisim
7.2.2. Progressivism is continuously changing based on the society and economy.
7.2.3. Teaches students to be active participants within his or her surroundings.
7.2.4. This process teaches students to think for themselves, instead of telling them what to think..
7.2.5. Requires students to fin for him and herself and learn at his or her own pace.
7.2.6. A lot more freedom is given to the students. This is how students learn to test their hypothesis and draw their own conclusions.
7.2.6.1. Teachers act as tour guides and guide the instruction. allowing a lot of time for hands on activities and experiments.
7.2.7. Flexible grouping is useful
8. Schools as Organizations
8.1. professionalism
8.2. role model
8.3. Be prepared
8.4. Teachers should provide students with care and love they need,
8.5. curriculum aligned with standards
8.6. differentiate
8.7. Provide the students with accommodations when needed.
8.8. It is the teachers responsibility to provide opportunities for ALL.
8.9. Each school system varies it is the teachers responsibility to know the rules and guidelines.
8.10. It is the teachers job to be sure that students are not falling behind. Observations allow time for the teacher to take notes and record data. (these can be conducted whenever)
8.11. Teaching should be a passion. Therefore, something that one enjoys no matter the troubles.
8.12. Teaching require educators to be active learners.
8.13. Students need mentors and teachers are with the students more than their parents are.
8.14. The learning environment should be warm and welcoming!
9. Curriculum & Pedagogy
9.1. Essentialism
9.1.1. Basic academic knowledge instealed
9.1.2. Character development and skills addressed
9.1.3. traditional and moral values (leave out diversity which I disagree with)
9.1.4. teaches students to have respect for other
9.1.5. Believe that the student must master a lesson before he or she can move on. ( believe that it takes time)
9.1.6. William C. Bagley and the Founding of Essentialism: An Untold Story in American Educational History
9.1.6.1. http://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ820454
9.1.6.2. http://spu.edu/online/essentialism_in_ed.htm
9.2. Progressivism
9.2.1. Pedagogical movement that began in the 19th century, and today many things have changed and been reformed.
9.2.2. Relies heavily on the past experiences.
9.2.3. integrated curriculum
9.2.4. understanding and working to master content, verses having to master before moving on.
9.2.5. experiential learning
9.2.6. Requires critical thinking and problem solving.
9.2.7. Cooperative learning
9.2.8. Empathizes lifelong learners
9.2.9. Social skills are a must relying on the democracy.
9.2.10. Projects, experiments and productions are assessed for understanding, knowledge.
9.2.11. A lot of collaboration and group work is utilized by the teacher.
9.2.12. JOHN DEWEY
9.2.12.1. pragmatisim
9.2.12.2. http://www.iep.utm.edu/dewey/
9.2.12.3. More information related to pragmatism: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/473717/pragmatism
9.3. PAGE 281-287 contains the information in the textbook.
10. Equality of Opportunity
10.1. African Americans
10.1.1. Back in the previous decades African Americans were not given equal opportunities.
10.1.1.1. However African Americans are SUPPOSED to be viewed as equals and given opportunities just as others are.
10.2. Slaves use to only:
10.2.1. learn have to read when they were not working in the fields or tenting to the houses.
10.2.1.1. Were not giving opportunities to go to school unless his or her owner allowed them too.
10.2.1.1.1. Some men were given more opportunities than the women.
10.3. Today:
10.3.1. Each child has a given opportunity to learn.
10.3.1.1. Each child is subjected to a FREE public education.
10.4. Act of 1947
10.4.1. EEOA
10.5. Cornell University Law School Findings:
10.5.1. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/20/chapter-39
10.6. Educational Law
10.6.1. http://educational-law.org/279-equal-educational-opportunity-act.html