English Tenses: Present

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English Tenses: Present by Mind Map: English Tenses: Present

1. Present tense

1.1. Present simple

1.1.1. Structure

1.1.1.1. Positive

1.1.1.1.1. Subject + verb

1.1.1.2. Negative

1.1.1.2.1. Subject + auxiliary verb + not + verb

1.1.1.3. Question

1.1.1.3.1. Auxiliary verb + subject + verb

1.1.2. Uses

1.1.2.1. Facts and generalization

1.1.2.2. Habits and routines

1.1.2.3. Permanent situations

1.2. Present continuous

1.2.1. Structure

1.2.1.1. Positive

1.2.1.1.1. Subject + auxiliary verb to be + verb + ing

1.2.1.2. Negative

1.2.1.2.1. Subject + auxiliary verb + not + verb + ing

1.2.1.3. Question

1.2.1.3.1. Auxiliary verb + subject + verb + ing

1.2.2. Uses

1.2.2.1. Something that's in progress right now

1.2.2.2. Something incomplete or temporary

2. Present perfect

2.1. Present perfect simple

2.1.1. Structure

2.1.1.1. Positive

2.1.1.1.1. Subject + have/has + past participle

2.1.1.2. Negative

2.1.1.2.1. Subject + haven't/hasn't + past participle

2.1.1.3. Question

2.1.1.3.1. Have/has + subject + past participle

2.1.2. Uses

2.1.2.1. Things that began in the past and continue to the present

2.1.2.2. Actions that happened at an unknown time in the past

2.1.2.3. Actions that happened in the past and have an effect on the present

2.2. Present perfect continuous

2.2.1. Structure

2.2.1.1. Positive

2.2.1.1.1. Subject + has/have + been + verb + ing

2.2.1.2. Negative

2.2.1.2.1. Subject + hasn't/haven't + been + verb + ing

2.2.1.3. Question

2.2.1.3.1. Has/have + Subject + been + verb + ing

2.2.2. Uses

2.2.2.1. An action that has recently stopped

2.2.2.2. Something that started in the past and continue in the present