1. Performance-based
1.1. Definition
1.1.1. According to consumer Guide site, Performance-based assessment is a form of testing that requires students to perform a task
1.2. Purpose
1.2.1. It is a method of teaching and learning that involves both process and product.
1.3. Assessment Indication
1.3.1. Learning behavioral objective
1.4. Advantages
1.4.1. practical applications of skills
1.4.2. It incorporate a greater focus on the understanding
1.5. Disadvantages
1.5.1. Since there are no clear right and wrong answers, teachers have no clear idea how to grade performance
1.5.2. Grading there is problem from an excellent one to average performance
1.6. Example
1.6.1. Prove Pythagoras theorem by making one actual right angled triangle
1.7. Reference
1.7.1. https://www.eduplace.com/rdg/res/litass/auth.html
1.7.2. http://education.cu-portland.edu/blog/curriculum-instruction/
2. Diagnostic
2.1. Definition
2.1.1. "prior knowledge” wikipedia
2.1.2. "domain of knowledge" wikipedia
2.2. Purpose
2.2.1. To ascertain each student's strengths
2.2.1.1. To ascertain each student's weaknesses
2.2.2. To ascertain each student's weaknesses
2.3. Assessment indication
2.3.1. Assessment of learning
2.4. Advantages
2.4.1. Can help teachers to identify their students' current knowledge
2.5. Disadvantages
2.5.1. It may be time consuming
2.6. Example
2.6.1. to teach trigonometry, student has clear knowledge about right angle triangle and its properties
2.7. Refernce
2.7.1. https://www2.ed.gov/pubs/OR/ConsumerGuides/perfasse.html https://www.wikipedia.org/
3. Summative
3.1. Definition
3.1.1. "used to evaluate student learning" Education Reform Journal
3.1.2. "used to evaluate student skill acquisition" Education Reform Journal
3.1.3. "used to evaluate student academic achievement" Education Reform Journal
3.1.4. "typically at the end of a project, unit, course, semester, program, or school year", Education Reform journal
3.2. Purpose
3.2.1. it focus is on the outcome of a program
3.2.2. summarizes the participants development at a particular time.
3.3. Assessment Indication
3.3.1. Assessment of learning
3.4. Advantages
3.4.1. According to concord Education one of the advantage is it provide motivation for students to study
3.4.2. According to concord Education one of the advantage is it provide motivation for students to pay attention in class
3.5. Disadvantages
3.5.1. According to concord Education online one of the disadvantage of summative assessment is it not always the most accurate.
3.5.2. According to concord Education one of the disadvantage of summative assessment is it not always the reflection of learning.
3.6. Example
3.6.1. 10 point home work on solving linear equation at the end of the chapter linear equation.
3.7. Reference
3.7.1. https://educ6040fall10.wikispaces.com/Authentic+Assessment
4. High-stakes
4.1. Definition
4.1.1. "It is a single, defined assessment", Wikipedia
4.1.2. "Has a clear line drawn between those who pass and those who fail" Wikipedia
4.1.3. "It has direct consequences for passing or failing" , Wikipedia
4.2. Purpose
4.2.1. As per the glossary of education , a high-stakes test is any test used to make important decisions about students, educators, schools, or districts, most commonly for the purpose of accountability.
4.2.2. Employee
4.3. Assessment Indication
4.3.1. Assessment of learning
4.4. Advantages
4.4.1. help teachers create long run plan based on your kid's needs.
4.4.2. Parents can decide the best school for their kids.
4.4.3. Child can learn to handle pressure, and developing the skills and strategies necessary to meet the school's and her parents' expectations.
4.5. Disadvantages
4.5.1. high-stakes test are only for certain subjects
4.5.2. High stakes tests generally do not assess higher order thinking or reasoning.
4.5.3. Children with special needs or children with different styles of learning are not adequately assessed.
4.6. Example
4.6.1. Driver's license tests and the legal ability to drive
4.7. Reference
4.7.1. https://www2.ed.gov/pubs/OR/ConsumerGuides/perfasse.html
5. Formative
5.1. Definition
5.1.1. According to wikipedia, it is a range of formal and informal assessment procedures
5.1.2. "task designed to promote students’ learning" wikipeddia
5.2. Purpose
5.2.1. ongoing feedback from students
5.2.2. to increases in student achievement
5.3. Assessment indication
5.3.1. Assessment of learning
5.4. Advantages
5.4.1. identify their students' current understanding
5.4.2. no grad, no anxiety
5.4.3. check student understanding
5.5. Disadvantages
5.5.1. teachers need more time to finish the lesson
5.6. Example
5.6.1. 2(x - 1) + x = 10 We can write to 2x - 2 + x = 10; What property is used here?
5.7. Reference
5.7.1. https://www.wikipedia.org/ http://education.cu-portland.edu/blog/teaching-strategies/summative-assessment-what-teachers-need-to-know/
6. Portfolio
6.1. Definition
6.1.1. "A student portfolio is a systematic collection of student work and related material that depicts a student's activities, accomplishments, and achievements", Julia Scherba de Valenzuela, Ph.D.
6.2. Purpose
6.2.1. Teachers use process portfolios to help students identify learning goals
6.2.2. It is a document progress over time
6.3. Assessment Indication
6.3.1. learning behavioral objective
6.4. Advantages
6.4.1. Promoting student self-evaluation, reflection, and critical thinking.
6.4.2. It evaluate progress toward meeting certain goals.
6.4.3. It gives opportunities for students and teachers to discuss learning goals and the progress.
6.5. Disadvantages
6.5.1. It is time consuming.
6.5.2. Difficult to manage
6.5.3. Sometimes collection of data may be random
6.6. Example
6.6.1. progressive record of student growth in certain extracurricular activity
6.7. Reference
6.7.1. http://www.unm.edu/~devalenz/handouts/portfolio.html
7. Authentic
7.1. Definition
7.1.1. Refers to assessment tasks that resemble reading and writing in the real world and in school (Hiebert, Valencia & Afflerbach, 1994; Wiggins, 1993).
7.2. Purpose
7.2.1. The purpose of the assessment directs the analyses.
7.2.2. It a measurement of intellectual accomplishments that are worthwhile, significant, and meaningful.
7.3. Assessment indication
7.3.1. assessment of learning
7.4. Advantages
7.4.1. authentic assessment uses tasks that reflect normal classroom activities (Ashley Arthur 2012)
7.4.2. It focuses on higher order thinking skills", Bloom's Taxonomy
7.4.3. Promotes creativity
7.5. Disadvantages
7.5.1. Time-intensive to manage, monitor, and coordinate
7.5.2. Difficult to coordinate with mandatory educational standards
7.5.3. Challenging to provide consistent grading scheme
7.6. Example
7.6.1. driving portion of the driver's license test
7.7. Reference
7.7.1. https://educ6040fall10.wikispaces.com/Authentic+Assessment
8. Self assessment
8.1. Definition
8.1.1. "A judgement for official purposes, that you make about your abilities, qualities, or actions", Cambridge Dictioneries
8.2. Purpose
8.2.1. The purpose of the Self-Assessment is to have the employee think about and give serious consideration to how he or she has performed in meeting the expectations
8.3. Assessment Indication
8.3.1. learning behavioral objective
8.4. Advantages
8.4.1. Self assessment is an important skill to develop for lifelong learning (Race, 2001). students can evaluate their own performance.
8.4.2. Although students (and academics) may not be confident about the ability of students to make accurate judgments, most research shows that students can make reasonably accurate judgments about performance. " Griffith University
8.5. Disadvantages
8.5.1. A self assessment is limited because it is by its very nature subjective. A self assessment begins and ends with you, leaving the challenge in your hands to change areas of weakness
8.6. Example
8.6.1. Assess Your Readiness in taking quadratic function quiz
8.7. Refereence
8.7.1. http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/self-assessment https://uhr.umd.edu/staff-relations/performance-review-and-development-prd/how-to-conduct-the-self-assessment/
9. Peer Assessment
9.1. Definition
9.1.1. According to Wikipedia peer assessment is a process whereby the students or the peers grade assignments or tests based on a teacher's benchmarks.
9.2. Purpose
9.2.1. " It is employed to save teachers time and improve students' understanding of course materials as well as improve their meta-cognitive skills", Wikipedia
9.3. Assessment Indication
9.3.1. assessment of learning
9.4. Advantage
9.4.1. helps develop communication skills and leads to discussions which everyone can benefit from
9.4.2. Learners are focused upon the assessment requirements or can use a checklist and learners may accept comments from peers better than those from the assessor
9.4.3. Peers might notice something the assessor hasn’t and promotes attention as learners have to focus on what is happening. It increases attention for activities such as peer presentations if feedback has to be given
9.5. Disadvanage
9.5.1. all peers should be involved and needs greater planning
9.5.2. everyone needs to understand the assessment requirements
9.5.3. some peers may be anxious, nervous or lack confidence to give feedback
9.6. Example
9.6.1. Linear equation quiz answers are graded by the peers.
9.7. Reference
9.7.1. http://ccp.ac/eshop/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Table-of-Advantages-and-limitations-of-peer-and-self-assessment.pdf