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Why use conceptual (theoretical) practice models? Sound philosophical base for the profession Provide link between theory and practice Professional unity and common vocabulary Guidelines for OT in defining and focusing on their areas of interest Framework for assessment, intervention and evaluation.
the doing of occupation the outcome of the transaction of the person, the environment and the occupation the ability to choose, organize, and satisfactorily perform meaningful occupations that are culturally defined and age appropriate for looking after one-self, enjoying life, and contributing to the emotional, social and economic fabric of the community
List the strengths and difficulties individual is experiencing under the three headings of: Person (performance components of motor, process, communication/interaction) Environment (physical, social, socioeconomic, cultural, institutional) Occupation (productivity, self care, leisure) Using these three headings can you list any OT assessments you may have know about? Using these three headings can you list any OT interventions you may know about?
More committed. Give lots of prompts in the beginning (start at the top of the prompts ladder). Reduce prompts gradually as learners progress. Errors are avoided or minimized...this approach allows participants to experience success during the learning process Proposes that learning occurring in the absence of errors is stronger and more durable Positive reinforcement
Understanding the person. What is it like to have this diagnosis.
Practical issues (e.g. finances, who referred client and why)
What 'should' be done? What is the right thing to do? (morally defensible actions)
Derived from one or more principles (autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, justice) but with specific application. Prima facie (interlinked; not one rule takes precedence from another)
Why evidence-based practice? To help OTs find the most effective interventions (supported by research) by taking into consideration of: best research evidence our clinical expertise and reasoning as OTs client’s unique values and circumstances
Person in at the hub Person is regarded as the expert on their lives Not used under the medical model. Person is not necessarily sick or in need of medical attention (e.g. person with a disability like cerebral palsy) Used in the disability area (e.g. Disability Services) Core principles: Listening Sharing power Respinsive action Connecting with citizenship (i.e. rights, self-determination, independence)
Client is at the hub Client is paying for health care services Often used in the medical model (e.g. hospitals are client or patient centered) Client usually in need of some care or medical attention (more dependent on the service provided). Premise of client centered: people who are in need of medical attention often do better when they collaborate with their healthcare practitioners.
Understand and respect clients and their diversity Collaborate with clients to achieve their occupational goals Use interventions that are supported by research (evidence-based practice)
Clinician barriers Client barriers Client-clinician relationship barriers Context or environmental barriers