WISHLIST

1. System components

1.1. Mother ship

1.2. Service ship

1.3. Large debris finder

1.4. Convergence zone predictor

1.5. Debris attractor

1.6. Debris follower

1.6.1. Tag

1.6.2. Track

1.7. Small debris finder

1.8. Large debris collector

1.9. Small debris collector

1.10. Ship crew

1.11. Research crew

1.12. Labs

1.13. Plastic storage

1.14. Energy producers

1.15. Data storage

1.16. Data transmission

2. Needs for each component

2.1. No impact to the environment

2.2. Impact on plastic

2.3. Scalable

2.4. Possible

2.5. Sea-worthy

2.6. Energy efficient

2.7. Time efficient

2.8. High degree of autonomy

2.9. High degree of utilization

2.10. High degree of comfort

3. References

3.1. Vision for US Future research oceanic vessel

3.1.1. Science at Sea: Meeting Future Oceanographic Goals with a Robust Academic Research Fleet

3.2. From Rachael Miller, Rozalia

3.3. From Cabell Davis, WHOI, Video Plankton Recorder

3.4. From Thomas MACE, Nasa

3.5. ITW Capt Moore

3.6. ITW Capt Holm

4. Vessel Size

4.1. [Capt Holm] The boat needs to be sized in order to accommodate the amount of debris that it will pick up in an average day. Size important to think about as this is a work vessel; need to match the size of vessel to daily harvest, using more fuel than picking up is not efficient. Sizing is really important, a smaller boat may be best to start with then scale up and build a bigger boat.

4.2. [Capt Holm] Vessel should be capable to support the vessel operations and accommodate crew at sea for a month. 65 ft. seems big enough, but small enough to be economically practical. If want to keep environmental footprint small as possible, should be able to clean up more than you pollute. Want to match clean up ability and minimize carbon impact.

4.3. [Capt Moore] Length and width of vessel need to have at least 10 meters free space between the hulls 20 meters wide would mean 40 meters long minimum, but might need more like a 60 meter ship a good size vessel.

4.4. [Capt Moore] My ship, ORV Alguita, is 15 meters. It can only store 500kg plastic waste.

4.5. Draft

4.5.1. [Capt Holm] Shallow water capability needed.

4.6. Freeboard

4.6.1. [Capt Moore] The wet deck and underwing need to be fairly high off the water. A couple of observation decks on the inner part of the hull

5. Accomodation

5.1. Crew Size

5.1.1. [Capt Holm] Keep small to minimize cost

5.1.2. [Cabell Davis] For a dedicated cruise like yours, it would be desirable to have 6 personnel (2 per 8h watch). (to operate an instrument in tow behind the ship)

5.2. [Capt Moore] Want to design vessel to accommodate lodging for students and scientists and laboratory space with instruments including video microscopes. Allow enough space for cabins, labs and classrooms. Be an industrial processing place and also a classroom space.

5.3. [Capt Moore] I would suggest 6-10 as a good number of students/researchers

6. Comfort

6.1. ODOR Problem

6.1.1. [Capt Moore] Need to think about odor, the plastic material will stink. Want to think about odor control perhaps even to the extent of having the drying area with a solar greenhouse effect to heat it up with positive airflow to suck it out and blow it to the stern. Otherwise it will stink up the ship. There are lots of companies that do this. Want to heat debris pile suck air out and direct overboard to eliminate odor.

6.2. Keep the crew fit and happy

6.2.1. Training room & Jacuzzi

7. Speed

7.1. [Capt Holm] Harvesting speed 2-3 knots

7.2. Research speed ?? [moving fast but still comfortable to work]

7.3. [Cabell Davis] 12knots towing the OPC

7.4. [Thomas Mace] Collection vessels can be slow but to conduct research, the vessel needs to move quickly or have small boats that can respond before eddy features disappear.

8. Operating window

8.1. Legs

8.1.1. [Capt Holm] 6 week legs seems to be a good time, two six week seasons, resupply switch out crew. Vessel can cover a lot of ground from Hawaii to Tahiti visiting a lot of islands along the way. Good to design around weather legs.

8.1.2. [Capt Moore] Takes a week to get out there and a week to get back, minimum of a month voyage is ideal

8.1.3. [Cabell Davis] able to operate 24/7

8.2. Seasonal window

8.2.1. North Pacific

8.2.1.1. [Capt Holm] (May, Ju) ne, July, August

8.2.1.2. [Capt Moore] Could almost operate all year round

8.2.2. South Pacific

8.2.2.1. [Capt Holm] Start with North Pacific. Visit small islands in winter

8.3. Range

8.3.1. [Capt Moore] North Pacific Garbage Patch, most remote 1000nm from land in any direction

8.3.2. [Rachael Miller] The earlier the better, so work close to the coasts!

8.3.3. [Us Future RV] Some vessels should be capable of operating in high latitudes and high sea states. More capable Coastal, Regional, and Global class ships will also be needed.

8.4. Weather condition

8.4.1. [Capt Holm] Spotting is easier on glassy water

8.4.2. [Capt Moore] Can work year round but 4-5ft 20kt wind is usually cut off for doing much with regards to operations

9. Vessel Type

9.1. [Capt Holm] Like the idea of catamaran design, for comfort for crew, and it lends well to the collection method, funnel into one area for pick up. Between the hulls it is protected here from sea state. The debris fields are usually a stream, can drive over top and have conveyor belt to pick up automatically, crew overseas process to ensure no jam or that are picking up marine life. Keep crew size small to minimize cost.

9.2. [Capt Holm] Other benefit of catamaran lots of deck space for an array can also land on beach without a dock.

9.3. [Capt Moore] need a catamaran type of vessel with a scoop and crane to pull up on a processing deck

10. Processing onboard

10.1. [Capt Moore] Has conveyor belt, brings onto processing deck. Need high pressure washer to get rid of the marine organisms . Once plastic onboard can’t return to sea, (MARPOL) secondary step where you inspect living material. Need dedicated deck for this process. Must have clean plastic, odor will be an issue . Catamaran needs not just one deck, but a series of levels 1) wash down 2) processing 3) best use would be to turn into fuel some sort of pyrolysis process onboard the vessel .

10.2. [Capt Moore] Need to know what type of plastic processing you need onboard as the plastic input varies. The further you get into the ocean, the plastic becomes high density polyethylene, heavier plastics make it into garbage patch, higher quality HDP, cleaner less difficult to sort product when work in far offshore garbage patches. Get a greater mix of plastic types near shore than you do offshore. Knowing this makes it easier to set the controls of the processes. Getting less varied feedstock to apparatus is ideal. If want to pelletize the plastic for product First clean the plastic, then flake it, then melt the flakes and put into pellet form, third step is to convert them into bottle or bag etc, conversion technology.

10.3. [Rachael Miller] collect trash and separate right away: metals, plastic, landfill trash

11. Communication and Observation

11.1. [Capt Moore] Mast & several decks

11.2. [Thomas Mace] receive and view downlinked satellite and aircraft data.

11.3. [Thomas Mace] land and communicate with a small UAS helicopter for searching ahead of the vessel

11.4. [US Future RV] There is a need for increased ship‐to‐shore bandwidth, in order to facilitate real‐time, shore‐based modeling and data analysis in support of underway programs, allow more participation of shore‐based scientists, and increase opportunities for outreach.

12. Instruments manipulation

12.1. ROV in and out water. Sotrage?

12.2. same questions with other instruments

13. Materials

13.1. [Capt Holm] Will get interference with waves and superstructure. Want a vessel with low profile. If radar is at top of the mast will not get any interference. It may be possible to work with two vessels in tandem to triangulate the frequency. Super structure interference is potential stumbling block to radar.

13.2. [Capt moore] Aluminum would be best material for construction could be steel. But you want light weight; if go with catamaran design want to go with aluminum.

14. Missions/Purpose

14.1. [Capt Holm] 1) Research 2) Education 3) Public Policy 4) Clean Up

14.2. About the same for Capt Moore

14.3. [Us Future RV] The fleet of the future will be required to support increasingly complex, multidisciplinary, multi‐investigator research projects, including those in support of autonomous technologies, ocean observing systems, process studies, remote sensing, and modeling.

14.4. [Capt Moore] There will be a considerable amount of "detective work" locating concentrations of debris. I have found that waiting for a windy spot to calm down may be one of the best

14.5. [Capt Moore] You have too many areas to go to for one vehicle to do it efficiently. Non-point source pollution is generated everywhere and ends up everywhere. Although ocean trash is more concentrated in the gyres, the gyres are enormous bodies of water appx. equal to the land area of the earth and you will need many smaller "trash truck" vessels to deal with the spatial extent of the debris.

15. Propulsion

15.1. [Capt Holm] Like the idea of sailing assistance, provides propulsion that is free. Solar collectors on boat, solar sail can put down if wind is too much

15.2. [Capt Moore] . A sail plan would be good in addition to the parasail type devices. This vessel could have sail power. Minimum have parasail maximum to have a functional sail.

15.3. [Capt Holm] Diesel electric, hybrid engines are ideal

15.4. [Capt Moore] Propulsion cannot be via propellers need water jet technology otherwise will encounter fouling.

15.5. [Capt Moore] Need water jet propulsion, in garbage patch lots of ropes.

15.6. [Rachael Miller] Need Dynamic Positioning to avoid anchoring

16. DNV IMPACT

16.1. [Capt Moore] We are interested in getting data from around the world on ocean plastic pollution. This could let others know about how to collect data and get it to us, as well as the importance of this field of research

16.2. [Capt Moore] DNV may impact this field in some way if it comes up with a quality design and plan of action, but the zero waste movement will have the most impact