1.1. rock: made of different minerals, broken pieces of crystals, and even other rock parts
1.2. mineral: inorganic elements, chemical composition, crystal form, and properties
1.3. crystilization: solid forms of molecules and atoms organized to form a crystal
1.4. igeneous extrusive rock: made of magma/lava after cooling down to a hard platform
1.5. Igneous intrusive rock: made of magma forced into other rocks
1.6. sedimentary rock: formed on or near earth
1.7. Lithification: unconsolidated materials convert to solid stone/rock
1.8. compaction: of different little rocks gathering together and forming as one
1.9. cementation: You can transform a solid with a powder and then heating the entire mixture. a chemical reaction between the solid and the powder to occur.
1.10. metamorphic rock: rocks formed when high heat, high pressure, and hot mineral fluids
2. unit 2 module 1 lesson 4
2.1. physical weathering: a process where rocks slowly break and change
2.2. frost wedging: its a form of physical weathering that breaks rocks through the freezing process
2.3. plant action: it helps bring water up to plant roots
2.4. abrasion: wearing, rubbinbg, or grinding away
2.5. wind abrasion: solid objects are impacted by suspended particles, resulting to erosion
2.6. water abrasion: when a river carries sediment, it can really dig into the riverbed and banks, causing a lot of erosion
2.7. glacial abrasion: the bedrock surface gets worn down by rock fragments that are carried along at the bottom of the glacier
2.8. chemical weathering: erosion of rocks building, etc
2.9. oxidation: when a group/groups of atoms lose electrons
2.10. hydrolysis: a break down of a compound when there is a reaction with water
2.11. carbonation: a chemical reaction to carbon dioxide
2.12. erosion: eroding by water,wind and other natural sources (physical change)
2.13. deposition: when pieces of earth are placed somewhere else
2.14. small scale erosion: is caused when water, ice, wind or gravity moves rocks soil, from one spot to another.
2.15. surface runoff: when there is more water than land to obsorb
2.16. coastal erosian: the coastline getting washed away by bigger waves.
2.17. large scale erosion: wearing away of land platform by wind, ice, or water
2.18. mass wasting: the movement/activity within rocks and soil down a slope
2.19. glacial movement: the weight of a glacier will slowly move downhill
3. unit 2 module 1 lesson 2
3.1. ocean floor topography: a map that shows ocean depth, rivers and lakes
4. unit 2 module 1 lesson 3
4.1. convergent boundary: tectonic plates where they are moving towards each other (colliding)
4.2. diveregent boundary: when 2 tectonic plates are moving further from one another and new land/crust is forming
4.3. transform boundary: that earth transforms due to the movement
4.4. subduction: when the crust/mantle is being moved sideways
4.5. fault: a rock formation that can be broken by faults
4.6. fault block mountain: large crustal blocks when both forces are pulling it apart
4.7. volcano: when tectonic plates move it forms a volcano that magma flows out of and forms to lava, after being unactive forms a mountain and more land
4.8. volcanic arc: a curve/side where active volcanos are at, right over the subduction area https://study.com/cimages/videopreview/videopreview-full/c4kgits79v.jpg
4.9. earthquake: when the tectonic plates are moved and start to collide with each other https://i.natgeofe.com/k/96399cc3-475e-4ace-b2e2-41e544bf321d/earthquake-road-crop_square.jpg
4.10. fault zone: where multiple faults are spaced close together
4.11. landslide/landslips: movement of mud, rocks, and ground that cause slops or ¨landslides¨
4.12. tsunami: after an earthquake of movement of earths floor, waves and tides get stronger to cause a big flood (a big flood, not a minor one) https://images.foxweather.com/static.foxweather.com/www.foxweather.com/content/uploads/2021/11/668/376/Tsunami_A.png?ve=1&tl=1
4.13. impact crater: a meteor has hit earths ground and caused a shape or indent, of evidence it was once there.
5. unit 2 module 2 lesson 1
5.1. earthquakes: tectonic plates gain energy and collide, makes the earth vibrate
5.2. plate boundaries: an area where 1 or more plates bump into each other (collide)
5.3. richter magnitute scale: used to rate the strength of earquakes
6. unit 3 module 1 lesson 1
6.1. natural reasource: materials or substances that occur in nature which are used for economic gain<img src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-w4itUeRRKQ0/YSPfbA_qwLI/AAAAAAAAOus/T5X5ulNlAt4HjHSn020mG_IRGrCubNf8ACLcBGAsYHQ/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/cea5fe7ce8dac051e04b9e45356e4c9c.jpg " alt="Natural resources – Introduction and Definition. Salient features of Natural Resources. - तरुमहिमन्"/>
6.2. Ores: natural occuring mineral which is usually metal, that is often used, like in phones <img src="https://www.geologypage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Ore-Minerals-What-are-Ore-Minerals-GeologyPage.jpg " alt="Ore Minerals : What are Ore Minerals? | Geology Page"/>
6.3. renewable resources: resources that can be replaced or reused
6.4. nonrenewable resources: resources that arent endless, have limits and cant be replaced
7. unit 3 module 1 lesson 3
7.1. mining: working to find coal and other mineral mins<img src="https://www.ishn.com/ext/resources/900x550/mining-mine-miner-900.jpg?t=1580737886&width=696 " alt="Fatal U.S. mining accidents dropped in 2019 | 2020-02-03 | ISHN"/>
7.2. Dwindling Deposits: something or someone coming close to being extinct
7.3. mineral supplies: plants absorve ions from the soil all the way to the roots
7.5. groundwater overdraft: water found underground
8. unit 3 module 2 lesson 2
8.1. natural resource availibility: how much there is of it, the cost, and how its used https://www.generationgenius.com/videolessons/synthetic-materials-video-for-kids/
8.2. synthetic material production: chemical substance that changes to different characteristics <img src="https://study.com/cimages/videopreview/videopreview-full/0zd1pxelwj.jpg " alt="Synthetic Fiber | Definition, Properties & Examples - Lesson | Study.com"/>
8.3. individual and societal impacts: healthy relationships <img src="https://images.slideplayer.com/25/7827216/slides/slide_2.jpg " alt="1 Individual and Social Production Possibilities and Indifference Curves International Economics Professor Dalton ECON 317 – Spring ppt download"/>
8.4. by-products: when your making something and end up making the secondary product (idk how to explain that) <img src="https://grammarist.com/wp-content/uploads/What-Is-a-Byproduct-Definition-Examples-1024x478.png " alt="What Is a Byproduct? – Definition and Examples"/>
9. unit 4 module 1 lesson 2
9.1. producers: an organisms that makes its own food energy
9.2. consumers: an organism that doesnt produce its own food energy and needs to eat animals/or/plants
9.3. primary consumers: the organism that eats the producers
9.4. secondary consumers: big carnivors that survive on primary consumers and herbivores
9.5. tertiary consumers: animals that eat other animals
9.6. Detritivores: an organism that eats dead animals/parts for nutrion and energy
9.7. food chain: nutrients and energy pass by as one organism eats the other
9.8. food web: food chains in a single ecosystem
9.9. Energy Pyramid / 10 % rule: energy being passed in an ecosystem to another level, but only 10% is being passed by
10. unit 4 module 2 lesson 1
10.1. biosphere: the regions of the surface, atmosphere, etc, occupied by living things
10.2. biome: a large area on earth that has certain climate and animals
10.3. ecosystem: interaction of all the living things where there are with nonliving organisms
10.4. communities: different organisms or populations that interact with each other in an area
10.5. populations: the amount of people living in a certain place
10.6. organism: anything that is living
10.7. abiotic: non living factors
11. Unit 4 - Module 2 - Lesson 3
12. unit 1 module 1 lesson
12.1. Lesson 1, 2, and 3
12.2. matter: takes up space, has mass, and volumn. it can also be known for substance or material.
12.3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQ4WduVp9k4
12.4. solid state: molecules, atoms, particles that are joining strong forces, its called ¨solid state¨ because its made as solids.
12.5. liquid state: it contains specific properties that tend to make it less solid/rigid.
12.6. gas state: takes space, molecules active and fast, and can be caused by vaporizing water.
12.7. kinetic energy: stored energy that depends on its movemement made, or the process of it.
12.8. tempature: the degree of heat or coldness, measured in an object.
12.9. thermometer: the measurement of temparure, within an ¨instrument¨ or tool.
12.10. kelvin scale: in which tempature is zero and below, (very cold measures)
12.11. potential energy: depends on it position/place before making movement https://cdn4.explainthatstuff.com/car-hill-potential-energy.png
12.12. thermal energy: involved with tempature, and why the amount of it.
12.13. atoms: different chemicals combined by the nueclear force to act as 1 unit
12.14. substances: a matter having multiple chemical compositions and characteristics
12.15. elements: a substance that acnnot be broken into simpler subtances, in another words, piece,part or section.
12.16. compound: when forces/chemicals join together as one unit.
12.17. molecule: atoms bonded to make a whole molecule
12.18. periodic table of elements: chemicals broken down into varieties that work as different units
12.19. element symbols: 2 abbreviation words for chemical name
13. unit 2 module 2, lesson 1
13.1. Qualitative Characteristics
13.2. jacques charles: studies the effect of tempature and volume of a gasses constant pressure being made
13.3. volume temp. law: the volume given to the amount of gas and proportion on the kevin scale
13.4. thermal contraction: when you cool down an object of some sort and the atom has less energyhttps://letstalkscience.ca/sites/default/files/styles/x_large/public/2020-01/gay-lussacs_law.png?itok=BdGFGHIp
13.5. thermal expansion: the cahnge in an object, shape, volume, and area depending on the reponse in change of tempature
13.6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4x-oeyYTbEo
13.7. systems: this can mean structure, or organization within the objects/things over time
13.8. heating: the transfer of thermal energy to an object
13.9. Pressure: the physical force within an object
13.10. phase change: when matter changes from one state to another, such as solids, gas, and liquid
14. unit 1 module 2, lesson 2
14.1. Chemical changes: a chemical reaction involving an arrangment of atoms change to one or more substances
14.2. Chemical ractions: the rearrangment of the molecular structure/subtance https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Combustion_of_propane_-_balancing_chemical_reaction.png
14.3. Chemical equation: a presentation of a chemical reaction by using symbols to indicate the amount in subtance
14.4. Products: the after results, when a processed change has already occurred
14.5. reacants: a subtance combined with another to form and have the use of one unit
14.6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ejj5NOXYmE
14.7. coeffifcients: measures how well observed are applied by the model/structure
14.8. antoine lavoiser: established mass, clariffied chemical reaction and now what he called öxygen
14.9. Law of conservation of mass: the mass of any elemt and the after reaction of it
14.10. atomic mass: the mass number = protons + neutrons
15. unit 1 module 2 lesson 3
15.1. Chemical Potential Energy: the energy stored in the chemicals bonds, substance
15.2. endothermic reaction: the action of absorbing thermal heat
15.3. exothermic reaction: where thermal energy is realised
15.4. concentration in reactions: the amount of subtance in space
15.5. law of concentration of energy: chemical is directly proportional to the absorbance to the solution
16.1. pangea: all the landmasses on this earth https://gamesmartz.com/upload/subjects/science/800-no-text/pangaea.png
16.2. continential drift: when earths platforms change because of the earth rotating
16.3. rock formation evidence: how earths rocks and barriers are formed and its process and surroundings
16.4. glacial features evidence: a thick glacier that cover a big side of lands https://www.nps.gov/grte/learn/nature/images/glacial-features-LRP-2003.jpg?maxwidth=1300&maxheight=1300&autorotate=false
16.5. coal deposite evidence: a high cuality of coal deposites after plant lives have decomposed into earth
16.6. fossil evidence: the remains or traces/tracks of plants and animals that were alive a wwhile ago before
16.7. Alfred Wegener: a german meteorologist and geophysicist https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/~/media/shared/images/education%20careers/KS4/Chapter%201/alfred%20wegener.png?la=en
17. unit 2 module 2 lesson 3
17.1. hurricane: an intense tropical storm with winds exceeding
17.2. Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale: relies on the wind speed of a hurricane
17.3. tornado: violent wind from a thunderstorm
17.4. Enhanced Fujita Damage Intensity scale: to define the damage and windspeeds a tornado can cause.
17.5. Flood: water overflows and invades cities
17.6. Drought: sinking air, blocking moisture and causing everything to dry up
17.7. Drought hazard - soil erosion: when there is a drought and the soil is tried up, which cant be used anymore
17.8. Drought hazard - wildfires
17.9. Drought hazard - decrease in water supply
17.10. Drought hazard - agricultural impact
17.11. Meteorologists
18. unit 3 module 1 lesson 2
18.1. Hydrothermal deposits: valuable minerals formed from hot <img src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/yJiwMNrHDfA/maxresdefault.jpg " alt="Hydrothermal Deposits - YouTube"/>
18.2. subduction zone: tectonic plates dive back into the mantel<img src="https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/full_width/public/thumbnails/image/subzon.gif?itok=-KhqdFzI " alt="EarthWord–Subduction | U.S. Geological Survey"/>
18.3. Distribution of minerals: transportation and release process
18.4. Soil: loose surface, what contains nutrients to grow plants in, cover most of land<img src="https://www.thespruce.com/thmb/yNhh0o4rY-GSQ9yDtCFYJocBCDY=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/healthy-soil-and-how-to-make-it-2539853-hero-fdf9b0280dca41cb8ae9614e6fc4a0b0.jpg " alt="Healthy Soil and How to Make It"/> Why soil is one of the most amazing things on Earth | BBC Ideas www.youtube.com › watch
18.5. 5 Factors of soil formation: parental material, climate, organisms, topography and time
18.6. formation of coal: contains plant energy in swampy forests
18.7. Formation of Oil and Natural Gas: underground build by descomposed organisms<img src="https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/natural-gas/images/hydrofracturing_lg.jpg " alt="Natural gas explained - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)"/>
18.9. Permeability: a substance allowing another substance to go through it
18.10. groundwater: underground water resources<img src="https://snr.unl.edu/data/images/water/groundwater/sat-unsat-zones.gif " alt="Groundwater System | Realtime Groundwater Level | Groundwater | Water | Data | School of Natural Resources | University of Nebraska–Lincoln"/> QUEST | What Is Groundwater? - PBS www.pbs.org › video › quest-what-groundwater
18.11. Groundwater distribution: water restoured in cracks/pores
19. unir 3 module 2 lesson 1
19.1. material: a substance that is or can be made <img src="https://lohitsascience.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/6/0/22607136/header_images/1413770358.jpg " alt="Materials and their Properties - Ms. Lohitsa's Science Classes!"/> <img src="https://lohitsascience.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/6/0/22607136/header_images/1413770358.jpg " alt="Materials and their Properties - Ms. Lohitsa's Science Classes!"/>
19.2. natural material: matter that is made from plants, animals, ground, etc <img src="https://images.twinkl.co.uk/tw1n/image/private/t_630_eco/image_repo/ca/12/t-t-26245-natural-and-manmade-materials-word-mat-_ver_1.jpg " alt="Natural and Man Made Materials List Word Mat - Teacher-made"/>
19.3. synthetic material: material that has gone through a lab/factory process <img src="https://ecdn.teacherspayteachers.com/thumbitem/Synthetic-Materials-10198529-1695062183/original-10198529-1.jpg " alt="Synthetic Materials by Cheryl Smith | TPT"/> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=emT7IzNujNo
19.4. reactants to products: the substances represent at the start of the chemical reactionhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5iowJs6MryI
20. unit 4 module 1 lesson 1
20.1. photosynthesis: the process of certain plants and oorganisms that collect sunlight and foods from water and carbon dioxied
20.2. Epidermal Leaf Cells: it covers the seeds, roots, leaves, etc. its the barrier that protects it
20.3. cuticle: it covers your nail for extra protection and strength
20.4. stomata: it allows gases to go in and out of the botony pores
20.5. Mesophyll Cells: the inner tissue of a leaf
20.6. Chloroplasts: where algae comes in and photosynthesis starts to perform
20.7. Chlorophyll A and B: primary pigment and accesory pigment of photosynthesis
20.8. Light Cycle: the period of time that light is being exposed
20.9. Nignt cycle: 24 hour roation when certain sides of the world faces the opposite side of the sun and rotates
20.10. Different sugars: they are different types of sugars, often in our foods we eat
20.11. cellular respiration organisms combine with food molecules
20.12. Glyclosis: it releases energy and pruvic acide
20.13. mitochondria: large amount of cells in the process of respiration
20.14. lactid acide fermentation: six different sugar converted to cellular energy
20.15. Ethenol Alchohol Fermentation: sugar converted to cellular energy
21. unit 4 module 1 lesson 3
21.1. carbon cycle: when the process of carbon dioxide is in the enviornment involving respiration
21.2. cellular respiration: a process by which organisms combine with food molecules and converting the energy to a subtance
21.3. - Photosynthesis: green plants and some others transform light energy
21.4. sedimentation: heavier particules at the bottom of a liquid https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ys2lWYhvOUw
21.5. decomposition: the process of something dead, decomposing
21.6. fossil fuels: non renewable energy resources like gas, oils, etc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYpfOKwlYS8
21.7. combustion: a chemical reaction between substances
21.8. water cycle below https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5gFI3pMvoI
21.9. -evaporation/ transpiration: the water movement between soil and the atmosphere
21.10. -condensation: water vapor becomes a liquid
21.11. -precipitation: cold or frozen liquid forms in the atmosphere and drops back to earth
21.12. -run off: water on land/surface that is absorbed to the ground https://youtu.be/PpCmlLvwA1g?feature=shared
21.13. -seepage: a slow process of a water body with another
21.14. oxygen cycle below
21.15. cellular respiration:the process where organisms combine with oxygen with food molecules
21.16. photosynthesis: the process where some plants are exposed to sunlight
