1. Unit 6 Patient Records
1.1. Pre-transplant assessment report
1.1.1. which involve comprehensive assessments of the organ functionality, medical information, and general transplant appropriateness of the patients. The patient's fundamental health problems, prior therapies, lab findings, PET scans, and any pertinent social or psychological aspects are usually included. The transplant team requires pre-transplant evaluation reports to decide whether a patient is an appropriate candidate for transplant and to help them make decisions concerning the transplant procedure.
1.2. Operative notes
1.2.1. Operative notebooks describe the surgical techniques used in organ transplants. They include an in-depth account for the surgery approach, intraoperative discoveries, any problems which arose, and the surgery's final result. Operational records are essential for keeping correct documentation during the transplantation process, guaranteeing continuity of treatment, and promoting interactions among the many members of the patient's healthcare team. They are also an invaluable resource for follow-up care and subsequent medical evaluations.
1.3. Discharge summaries
1.3.1. They provide an overview of the patient's stay on the Organ Transfer Unit, including pertinent medical information, procedures carried out, therapies administered, and post-discharge care plans. Typically, they include the individual's present clinical status, information about any drug or treatment regimen modifications, suggestions for follow-up appointments, guidelines for managing post-transplant problems, and advice for self-care. Discharge summaries function as a thorough documentation of the recipient's stay at the facility and offer crucial data for managing care in conjunction with primary care physicians, transplant coordinators that and other medical specialists active in the patient's continued monitoring and treatment.
2. Unit 7 Admission , Transfer and Discharge
2.1. Patient admission process
2.1.1. Elective admission
2.1.1.1. Patients undergoing organ transplants are admitted on a voluntary basis. To ensure appropriate pre-operative planning and collaboration with the transplant team, these hospital stays are scheduled ahead of time.
2.1.2. Emergency admission
2.1.2.1. Patients can get transferred through urgent admissions to the Organ Transplant Unit during situations of extreme urgency. These hospitalisations happen when patients have rapidly declining health or serious illnesses that necessitate emergency transplant surgery.
2.1.3. Direct admission
2.1.3.1. Some patients from specialist clinics or other healthcare facilities may be transferred straight into the Organ Transplant Unit with no first visiting the hospital's emergency room.
2.1.4. Obstetrical admission
2.1.4.1. Pregnant patients who need organ transplantation due to underlying health conditions are sometimes transferred to the unit for prenatal and transplant evaluation expert medical care.
2.2. Lenght of stay
2.2.1. The particular kind of transplanted organ, the state of the patient's health, and the extent of their post-operative recovery all affect the duration that a patient typically stays in the transplantation unit. For the majority of transplant recipients, nevertheless, it usually lasts from one to two weeks. In the event that challenges arise or if the patient needs more medical attention while in the hospital, the length of stay may need to be prolonged.
2.3. Possible support that patient may need
2.3.1. Transportation
2.3.1.1. After being discharged from the hospital, a lot of transplant patients need help getting around. This is especially true if they live away from their transplant centre or have no ability to drive as a result of post-operative limitations or medication
2.3.2. Home Care
2.3.2.1. To aid in their rehabilitation and let them return to their regular activities at home, some patients may need care at home, such as expert nursing care, wound healing, or physical therapy.
2.3.3. Chemotherapy
2.3.3.1. Patients who get both organ and transplants for bone marrow (for example, for treating specified blood malignancies) can need chemotherapy after being released from the hospital in order to manage underlying conditions and avoid transplant rejection.
2.3.4. Testing and follow-up procedures
2.3.4.1. Regular follow-up appointments are usually necessary for transplant recipients so as to monitor graft function, evaluate for problems, and modify their medications as necessary. This could entail doing imaging investigations, laboratory testing, or other specialised therapies to assess the patient's general health and the efficacy of the transplant.
2.3.5. Prescriptions
2.3.5.1. Antibodies, anti-rejection treatments, and drugs to treat co-occurring diseases are among the many medications that transplant recipients need to take after receiving a transplant. Upon discharge, patients ought to get prescriptions and instructions on how to take their drugs correctly to preserve graft function and avoid complications. This will ensure that recipients are entitled to the medications they need and comprehend how to consume them.
3. References
3.1. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/departments
3.2. https://www.uhn.ca/Transplant/Transplant_Inpatients/Transplant_Inpatient_Unit
3.3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7459921/
3.4. https://medlineplus.gov/druginformation.html
3.5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4129865/
3.6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3948761/
3.7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26517474/
3.8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10913499/
4. Unit 1- Healthcare Professionals
4.1. Physicians
4.1.1. Transplant surgeon
4.1.1.1. Organ replacement surgeries, such as kidney, liver, heart, lung, pancreatic, and multi-organ transplants, are the specialty of these surgeons. They carry out the operations, establish when a patient is eligible for an organ transplant, and deliver following the operation.
4.1.2. Nephrologist
4.1.2.1. Nephrologists coordinate the prior to as well as post-transplant renal care of their patients. Prior to receiving a kidney transplant, they assess the patients' kidney function, improve their overall wellness, and closely monitor the functioning of the kidneys after the transplant.
4.2. Nursing staff
4.2.1. Transplant Nurse Coordinator
4.2.1.1. During the course of the transplants procedure, these healthcare workers oversee every facet of patient care. They organise appointments, give education, act as the patient's main point of collision, and maintain continuity of medical care.
4.2.2. Intensive care Nurse
4.2.2.1. The intensive care nurses are experts at delivering patients specialist attention through the crucial post-transplant phase. They continuously track patients, handle difficult medical situations, and act quickly to deal with all problems that may arise.
4.3. Allied Healthcare workers
4.3.1. Clinical Social Worker
4.3.1.1. Along the organ transplant process, clinical social service professionals offer patients and family members emotional support and guidance. They help patients manage the physiological and mental challenges that come accompany obtaining a transplant from another person.
4.3.2. Pharmacist
5. Unit 2 Organization of HUC
5.1. Inpatient Unit
5.1.1. As the Organ Transplant Unit involves surgical procedures and required post-operative care in a hospital context, it is often an inpatient unit.
5.2. Main Goal of Department
5.2.1. The Organ Donation Unit's main goals are to assist with organ transplant surgeries and provide transplant recipients thorough follow-up treatment. This includes maintaining a careful eye on patients, controlling restrictive medication, and reacting to any potential negative effects.
5.2.1.1. Kidney Transplant- A transplantation of a kidney is a surgical operation in which a recipient receives a kidney from a donor. People with end-stage renal illness who need replacement kidney function typically have it done.
5.2.1.2. 2. Liver transplant- A transplant of the liver involves surgically replacing a recipient with end-stage disease of the liver with a donor's liver, whether alive or deceased. Patients with diseases including liver failure, cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma ought to utilise it.
5.2.1.3. Heart transplant-During this therapeutic procedure, a recipient with end-stage heart disease receives a donor's heart. Patients with significant heart malfunction who have attempted every other kind of treatment are given this kind of operation.
5.3. As a part of the hospital's organisational structure, the Organ Donation Unit usually belongs under Surgical Facilities or Specialised Care Units. Given that recipients of transplants frequently need strict after surgery monitoring and care, it may also have tight ties to intensive care units (ICUs) or emergency services. Furthermore, for pre- and post-transplant treatment, it might collaborate with additional departments including Nephrology, Hepatology, and Cardiology.
6. Unit 3 Communication
6.1. Communication Challenge
6.1.1. Challenges Communicating desires Following Surgery: Patients in the Organ Transplant Unit can have difficulties communicating their wants or worries following operation because of things like sedation, post-operative pain, or anesthesia's consequences. Patients who are elderly, have had complicated medical activities, or possess restricted physical or mental abilities may find this very difficult. In certain situations, patients can find it difficult to interact with medical professionals in an efficient manner, which could make it more difficult for them to ask questions about their health care or to supply crucial information about their health situation.
6.2. Communication device
6.2.1. Telemedicine device- Video calling technologies and other telemedicine platforms are useful for communicating in the organ transplant unit. Through video consultations, these systems allows patients to communicate virtually with their healthcare providers, such as kidney specialists, transplant surgeons, and other specialist. Telemedicine enables patients and healthcare professionals to communicate in real time, eliminating the need for in-person hospital visits. Patients can express problems, ask questions, and get advice on their care plan. This is especially helpful for individuals whose conditions make it difficult for them to travel to appointments or who need quick access to specialised treatment while recovering from an organ transplant. With the goal to ensure that patients receive the assistance they require to effectively manage their transplant journey, telemedicine optimises communication and usability of care throughout the new organ's unit.
7. Unit 4 Risk Management
7.1. Risk factors
7.1.1. a transplanted organ being rejected
7.1.1.1. A person's immunity to rejecting the transplanted organ is one of the main hazards associated with organ transplantation. This happen when the body's immune system of the receiver attacks and destroys the transplanted organ because it perceives it as foreign. Immunosuppressive drugs are commonly given to recipients of transplants in order to reduce this risk by reducing the immune system's response and preventing rejection. Rejection can still happen even with drug adherence, therefore frequent monitoring and possible modifications to the steroid regimen become necessary
7.1.2. Complications in Surgery
7.1.2.1. Surgical Issues: The chance of surgical complications including bleeding or infection is a major risk associated with the transplantation of organs. Surgical operations inherently carry the danger for infection, blood loss, or injury to nearby structures, particularly when major organs such as the kidney, liver, or brain are involved. Surgical teams follow stringent sterile protocols, do extensive pre-operative evaluations, and actively monitor patients before and after surgery regarding any indications of complications in order to reduce these risks. In order to lessen the negative effects of complications associated with surgery on patient outcomes, prompt discovery and intervention are crucial.
7.2. Hospital codes
7.2.1. Blue code
7.2.1.1. If there is a cardiac arrest or another medical emergency that poses a serious risk to life and necessitates rapid resuscitation, one should call Code Blue (Cardiac Arrest). Organ transplant recipients may require advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) to be started in the event of cardiac problems, such as arrhythmia or myocardial infarctions, occurring after operation. In these cases, a Code Blue reaction may be required.
7.2.2. Red code
7.2.2.1. Whenever there is a fire or smoky problem within the medical facility, Code Red is triggered. Fires in medical facilities are uncommon, but they can still be highly hazardous for transplant recipients who might not be able to move or have impaired breathing because of surgery or other underlying medical issues. In case of a fire, quick evacuation protocols and precautions against fire are put in place to guarantee patient safety.
7.2.3. Yellow code
7.2.3.1. Code Yellow (Emergency Situation): Health personnel are notified when there is an emergency that needs to be attended to right away but is not related to a fire or a heart attack. A Code Yellow can get triggered in the Organ Donation Unit for a number many reasons, including a patient's abrupt decline in health, a problem with a medical device, or a security risk. In order to handle the situation and reduce any threats to patient safety, healthcare providers must coordinate quickly.
8. Unit 5 Staffing and Scheduling
8.1. Typical Staffing Pattern- A primary physician care model may be comprised of the Organ Transplant Unit's standard staffing pattern. Each patient receiving primary nursing care has a designated primary nurse who is in charge of managing almost all of their care requirements while they are in the hospital. As the patient's primary point of contact and coordinator of care for other members of the medical team, the primary nurse builds an extensive connection with the individual receiving treatment and their family.
8.1.1. As it promotes continuation of care, promotes interaction between patients and medical professionals, and enables individualised care planning according to the patient's particular requirements and condition, this staffing model is frequently chosen in higher acuity locations like an Organ Transplant Unit.
8.2. Possible staffing pattern
8.2.1. 1. 1:1 for people who are severely ill and need particular attention and care. 2. For those who have intermediate levels of acuity who need regular evaluations and interventions, the ratio ought to be 1:2 or 1:3. 3. With healthy post-transplant patients with lower acuity demands who nevertheless need continuing monitoring and support, use a ratio of 1:4 or 1:5.