1.1. Your cultural and ethnic background can have a vast influence on your income level. According to the textbook, those born overseas tend to receive higher weekly income levels than those born in Australia. However, income distribution is strongly influenced by the length of time that the migrants have been in Australia and the countries from which they have migrated.
1.2. Migrants from mainly english speaking countries (first language) { UK, NZ,US, Canada, Ireland and South Africa } income levels tend to be higher than those born in Australia
1.3. income distributions is also more unequal, with a greater percentage of migrants earning very high incomes and no incomes compared to those born in Australia
1.4. Long standing migrants from english speaking countries have similar income trends to Australia born people - that is, their income levels are lower and more evenly spread compared with recent migrants
1.5. Long standing migrants from english speaking countries have similar income trends to Australia born people - that is, their income levels are lower and more evenly spread compared with recent migrants
1.6. • However, its very different for migrants that come from non english speaking countries • recent migrants from non english speaking countries have lower income levels than those born in Australia.
1.7. • this can reflect the fact that even if non english speaking background migrants have the equivalent skills and experience their Australia - born counterparts — due to this they may not be able to obtain better paid jobs because of the fact that they do not have command for english
1.8. • Long-standing migrants from non-English speaking countries have a very similar income distribution to Australia-born people • compared with Australia born people, recent migrants from English-speaking (and richer) countries are relatively advantaged, while those from non - english speaking ( and poorer) countries are relatively disadvantaged.
1.9. • Over time, income distribution among all migrant groups slowly conforms to the Australian Average. • Indigenous Australians, however, do not follow these trends and experience high levels of disadvantage. Indigenous Australians represent around 3% of Australia’s population.
1.10. •The median weekly personal income for Indigenous Australian was only 63% of income for the overall population according to 2011 census data ( $362 per week compared to $577) •Median weekly household income for Indigenous Australia was $991, or 80 per cent of the median income for Australian households generally •indigenous Australians were also less likely to earn a higher income, with just 13 percent earning a household income in excess of $1,000 per week, in comparison to 33 percent of the general population.
1.11. The median individual income of people born in China was $239 per week compared with $539 for people born in India and $484 for Australian-born people," says the bureau.
2. P6: Non-wage outcomes
3. P1: General Introduction
4. P2: Wage differentials between different and same occupations.
