The European Revolutions of 1848

1. The Revolution of 1848 in the German Lands and Central Europe

1.1. Rulers of the diverse states were pressured for change

1.2. The King officially recognized the German states as one nation

1.3. The flag colors were "revolutionary"

1.4. Republicans posed the threat of an armed revolution

1.5. The German National Assembly convened in May 1848

1.6. Had a movement for a single Parliament

1.7. Promoted a distinct existence for their nationality

2. Widespread Social Chaos

2.1. Extremism allowed once liberals to become conservative

2.2. This allowed nationalities to feel better protected with a monarch

2.3. Original rulers regain power

2.4. National workshops were created

2.5. Protests with 20,000 people occurred in Paris

2.6. The Feudal System was abolished

2.7. Militaries across Europe were led into battles

3. The French Revolution of 1848

3.1. Bourbon dynasty restored

3.2. Caused by food shortage and unemployment,

3.3. February 26th, provisional government is established

3.4. Louis Blanc regulated working conditions

3.5. Lamartine wrote "Manifesto to Europe"

3.6. The National Assembly convened on May 4th, 1848

3.7. May 15th, the National Assembly was invaded

4. The Italian Revolution of 1848

4.1. Started after a liberal papacy in 1846

4.2. January 1848, tobacco riots wounded killed 61 people

4.3. The Milanese had boycotted tobacco

4.4. Lawyers petitioned "for the people"

4.5. The pope granted many concessions

4.6. March 22nd, 1848 the Venetian Republic was re-established

4.7. The Austrian military began to withdraw its positions