Review of Human Anatomy

Review of Human Anatomy da Nette Andrea

1. • Superior or Cranial - Toward head end, above

2. Directional Terms:

3. * Study of structure of body - The branch of science that studies the physical structure of a human body

4. Anatomical Terminology

5. • A plane is an imaginary surface that slices the body into specific sections.

6. • The three major anatomic planes of reference are the Coronal, Transverse, and Sagittal planes.

7. • Inferior or Caudal - Away head end, below

8. Anterior or Ventral - Front of the body

9. Posterior or Dorsal - Behind the body

10. Medial - Midline of the body

11. Lateral - Away from the midline

12. Intermediate - Between medial and lateral

13. Proximal - Close to body origin

14. Distal - Away from body origin

15. Superficial - Toward body surface

16. Deep - Away body surface

17. Body Cavity

18. • Dorsal Cavity - protects nervous system and divide into two subdivisions;

19. 1. Cranial Cavity - brain

20. 2. Spinal Cavity - spinal cord

21. • Ventral Cavity - houses visceral organs and divide into two subdivisions;

22. 1. Thoracic Cavity - pleural (lungs), mediastinum (heart, esophagus, trachea)

23. 2. Abdominopelvic Cavity - Abdominal (stomach, intestines, spleen), Pelvic (bladder, rectum)

24. JEANETTE BANGUIS

25. Structural levels of organization: Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, System, Organism

26. • Chemical - combination of atoms to form molecules

27. • Cell - basic living units

28. • Tissue - a group of cells with similar structure and functions

29. • Organ - two or more tissues work together

30. • Organ system - a group of organ of a common function

31. Anatomical Position

32. • Standing position with the body erect facing forward, slightly apart, arms hanging and palms also facing forward

33. Regional Terms

34. • Axial Region - axis of our body, comprise of three parts: head, neck, and trunk

35. • Perpendicular Region - limbs, or appendages and body parts that attached to the axis.

36. Body Planes and Sections

37. • Sagittal plane

38. - A vertical plane divide body into right and left, • Sagittal plane that exactly cut in the middle called midsagittal or median plane. • Sagittal plane that offset from median line called parasagittal plane.

39. • Frontal plane

40. - A vertical line that divide the body to anterior and posterior parts.

41. • Transverse plane

42. - Horizontal plane which divide into superior and inferior