Eugenics

Short Eugenics' History

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Eugenics da Mind Map: Eugenics

1. Francis Galton

1.1. Charles Darwin's cousin

1.2. Good creation

1.2.1. Plato

1.2.1.1. The Republic

1.2.1.1.1. He wrote about creating a superior society by procreating high-class people together and discouraging coupling between the lower classes.

1.2.2. Sir Francis Galton coined this term in 1833 in his book "Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development".

2. Eugenics in America

2.1. Marriage laws

2.1.1. American Breeder’s Association

2.2. John Harvey Kellog

2.2.1. 1911 Race Betterment Foundation

2.2.2. Pedigree registry

2.3. Eugenics Record Office

2.3.1. It tracked families and their genetic traits, claiming most people considered unfit were immigrants, minorities or poor.

2.3.2. It also maintained there was clear evidence that supposed negative family traits were caused by bad genes.

3. Forced Sterilizations

3.1. From 1909 to 1979, around 20,000 sterilizations occurred in California state mental institutions.

3.2. U.S. Supreme Court

3.2.1. In 1927 ruled that forced sterilization of the handicapped does not violate the U.S. Constitution.

3.2.2. Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendall Holmes.

3.2.3. Forced and performed on minorities.

3.3. Governor of Puerto Rico, Menendez Ramos

3.3.1. To battle rampant poverty and economic strife.

3.3.2. Government Accountability Office investigation

3.3.2.1. 25%-50% of Native Americans were sterilized between 1970 and 1976.

3.4. In some cases, health care for living children was denied unless their mothers agreed to sterilization.

4. Adolf Hiter and eugenics

4.1. In his 1934 book, Mein Kampf, he referred to American eugenics

4.1.1. And in 1933, the Nazis created the Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring.

4.2. By 1940, Hitler’s master-race mania took a terrible turn.

4.2.1. Hundreds of thousands of Germans with mental or physical disabilities were euthanized by gas or lethal injection.

5. Josef Mengele

5.1. Angel of Death

5.2. He used chemical eyedrops to try and create blue eyes.

5.3. Injected prisoners with devastating diseases and performed surgery without anesthesia.

6. Genetic Engineering

6.1. Benefits of human gene therapy are staggering.

6.2. People could routinely weed-out what they consider undesirable traits in their offspring.

6.3. What constitutes “negative traits” is open to interpretation.

6.3.1. Many people feel that all humans have the right to be born.

6.4. America’s historical eugenics efforts have gone unpunished.

6.5. past failings can serve as a warning.