Validity

1. What is validity?

1.1. Validity focuses on the way assessment results are interpreted and how those interpretations lead to decision making (Mertler, 2017).

1.2. Considered an abstract concept that cannot be observed directly (Mertler, 2017).

2. Criterion Evidence of Validity

2.1. Measures the degree of which the results of an assessment are related to "well-established assessments" (Merler, 2017, p. 54)

2.2. Criterion Evidence of Validity is of greater concern with standardized testing (Mertler, 2017).

3. Predictive Evidence of Validity

3.1. Criterion evidence measuring criterion in the future (Mertler, 2017).

3.1.1. Aptitude Tests

4. Concurrent Evidence of Validity

4.1. Measuring criterion simultaneously with another measure (Mertler, 2017).

4.1.1. Administering the NWEA for a subject, then administering the Exact Path assessment for the same subject, supposedly assessing similar criterion.

5. Validity Coefficent

5.1. Correlation coefficient used to measure validity (Mertler, 2017).

6. Content Evidence Validity

6.1. Content Evidence Validity is breadth to which assessment competently measures content against the larger picture. Validity is determine by professional judgement (Mertler, 2017).

6.2. Relevance of content is focused on the extent of the assessment is assessing objectives that have been taught (Mertler, 2017).

6.3. Representativeness is how effectively the assessment represents the entire content area (Mertler, 2017).

7. Construct Evidence of Validity

7.1. Measuring the degree of which an assessment task has validity based on construct evidence (Mertler, 2017).

8. Face Evidence of Validity

8.1. Not generally a formal source of evidence for validity (Mertler, 2017).

8.2. The belief of assessment takers that a test is not valid, therefore they believe there is no reason for the assessment to be taken seriously (Mertler, 2017).