STRESS

1. Word stress and Affixation

1.1. SUFFIXES

1.1.1. 1) STRESS NEUTRAL 2) AUTOSTRESSED 3) PRE-STRESSED 1 & 2 4) MIXED SUFFIXES

1.2. PREFIXES

1.2.1. 1) STRESS NEUTRAL 2) STRESS REPELENT 3) MIXED PREFIXES

2. Word stress and Grammatical category

2.1. 'perfect - per'fect (Ajd vs. V) 'suspect - sus'pect (N vs. V)

3. Prominence

3.1. 1) PITCH (high-low) 2) LOUDNESS (loud-soft) 3) LENGTH (long-short) 4) QUALITY (strong/full - weak/reduced)

4. Alternative stress patterns

4.1. TWO-SYLLABLE WORDS 'adult - a'dult 'bouquet - bou'quet

4.2. THREE-SYLLABLE WORDS dis'putant - 'disputant 'sonorous - so'norous ,souve'nir - 'souvenir 'caravan - ,cara'van

4.3. FOUR-SYLLABLE WORDS 'formidable - for'midable ap'plicable - 'applicable 'television - ,tele'vision

4.4. FIVE-SYLLABLE WORDS ,nece'ssarily - 'necessarily

5. Compund words

5.1. SINGLE-ACCENTED

5.1.1. NOUN + NOUN: 'baby-sitter (N) 'time-consuming (Adj) ADJ + NOUN: 'secondary school 'driving licence VERB + NOUN: 'playboy NOUN + VERB: 'telltale VERB: 'letdown

5.2. DOUBLE-ACCENTED

5.2.1. NOUN + NOUN: ,country-'house ,lemon 'pie ADJ + NOUN: ,civil 'war NOUN + ADJ: ,duty-'free ADJ/NOUN + PARTICIPLE: ,easy-'going ,home'made

5.3. ROOT COMPOUNDS

5.3.1. DOUBLE ACCENTED: ,audio-visual 'aids SINGLE ACCENTED: 'crossword puzzle

6. Nature of stress

6.1. 1) Word stress 2) Sentence Accent

7. Stress occurrence at 3 degrees

7.1. 1) Primary 2) Secondary 3) Weak

8. Word stress notation (3 stress marking systems)

8.1. TONETIC

8.2. INTERLINEAR

8.3. TADPOLE

9. Secondary stress

9.1. 3 secondary stress placement rules: Examples: 1) A'merica 2) ,after'noon 3) A. a,ssoci'ation B. ,characte'ristic

10. Stress shift

10.1. CITATION FORM

10.1.1. ATTRIBUTIVE USE

10.1.2. PREDICATIVE USE

10.2. It affects: SIMPLE WORDS COMPOUND WORDS PROPER NAMES PHRASAL VERBS SINGLE-LATE STRESSED ADJS

11. Stress shift