1. Management of Colonies
1.1. Indirect asked local officials to do the day to day management and accept British control or rule
1.2. Direct meant Europeans governed people in a parental way by providing for their needs but not giving them rights. To accomplish this, the Europeans brought in their own bureaucrats and did not train local people in European methods of governing.
1.2.1. tried to assimilate the colonies making them pattern everything after the mother country
1.2.2. all schools, churches, government etc was made to look like French ones, etc.
2. Effects of Colonialization
2.1. Africans lost land
2.2. many died of smallpox
2.3. famines in the lands
2.4. forced to migrate for work after colonies ended
2.5. lost thousands in resisting European control
2.6. breakdown of traditional culture because of European influence
2.7. arguing over land because artificial boundaries put in place that divided ancestorial lands
2.8. tribal conflict
3. Europeans force themselves into Africa to get the raw resources for their industrialization purposes.
3.1. wanted to assert power and control
3.2. Industrial revolution provided Europeans with reasons to get new lands - wanted places to sell, needed resources to make products
3.2.1. Africans didn't buy European products
3.2.2. Copper, tin, diamonds were taken from Africa
3.2.3. Businesses eventually developed cash-crop plantations to grow peanuts, palm oil, cocoa, and rubber. These products displaced the food crops grown by farmers to feed their families.
3.3. Many clashes or fights with Africans as Europeans tried to colonize
3.4. Shaka - Zulu King established new fighting techniques and unified South Africa - eventually lost to the British and they colonized South Africa
3.5. Diamonds and gold were discovered in southern Africa in the 1860s and 1880s. Suddenly, adventurers from all parts of the world rushed in to make their fortunes.
3.6. The Boers tried to keep these “outsiders” from gaining political rights. An attempt to start a rebellion against the Boers failed. The Boers blamed the British and, in 1899, took up arms against them.
4. Europeans wanted control of colonies, wanted them to adopt European customs
4.1. Four forms of imperialism happened
4.2. Britain Manages Nigeria
4.2.1. Given Nigeria in the Berlin Conference
4.2.2. Over 250thnic groups living in Nigeria
4.2.3. Britian didnt have enough troops to manage the large area
4.2.4. Local chiefs resented being told by British what to do and wanted their own control
4.2.5. Strong religious beliefs existed for the three groups living in Nigeria
4.2.6. Hausa-Fulani in the north, the Yoruba in the southwest, and the Igbo