Copy of Encephalitis

1. S&S

1.1. Fever

1.2. Vomiting

1.3. Headache

1.4. Stiff neck

1.5. Seizures

1.6. Hallucinations/Confusion

1.7. Children Specific

1.7.1. Bulging in fontanels

1.7.2. Stiffness

1.7.3. Poor feeding

2. Treatment

2.1. Symptom relief

2.2. Pain killers

2.3. Corticosteroids

2.3.1. Reduce inflammation

2.4. Mechanical ventilation

2.5. Anticonvulsants

2.6. Fluids

2.7. Anti-viral medications

2.7.1. Only used in herpes encephalitis

3. Incidence/Prevalence

3.1. Affects all ages but increased in infants

3.2. Average 7 out of 100,000 patients per year

3.3. Not race or gender specific

4. Etiology/Risk Factors

4.1. Viruses

4.1.1. HSV-1

4.1.1.1. Adults

4.1.2. HSV-2

4.1.2.1. Neonates

4.1.3. Mumps

4.1.4. Epstein-Barr virus

4.1.5. Cytomegalovirus

4.1.6. Arbovirus

4.1.6.1. Transmitted by insects

4.2. Genetics

4.2.1. Inherited immune responses

4.2.1.1. Protective

4.2.1.2. Increased susceptibility

5. Diagnostics

5.1. Spinal Tap

5.1.1. Increase in proteins

5.1.2. Increase in WBC

5.2. CT Scan or MRI

5.2.1. Rule out other diseases

5.2.2. Locate affected area

5.3. Blood Tests

5.3.1. Confirm infection