1. Purpose
1.1. To+infinitivo
1.1.1. I went to the university to talk to one of my teachers.
1.2. In order to i
1.2.1. - I went to the university in order to talk to one of my so as to teachers.
1.3. so that+ can(n+t)/will (won't)
1.3.1. I’ll buy a ball so that we can play football.
1.4. would(n't)/could(n't)
1.4.1. I bought a ball so that we could play football
1.5. For + noun / -ing form
1.5.1. A knife is used for cutting
1.6. In case + present
1.6.1. We will buy an extra ticket in case Martin wants to join us (lo compramos antes por si Martin luego decide venir).
1.7. In case + past
1.7.1. We will buy an extra ticket if Martin wants to join us (esperamos a que Martin nos diga que va a venir y luego compramos la entrada).
2. Contrast
2.1. Although / even though / though = aunque In spite of / Despite = a pesar de
2.2. ALTHOUGH / EVEN THOUGH / THOUGH + CLAUSE
2.2.1. Although he didn’t have money, he bought the most expensive car.
2.3. IN SPITE OF / DESPITE + NOUN / -ING FORM
2.3.1. In spite of not having money, he bought the most expensive car.
2.3.2. Despite the rain, we went out for a walk.
2.4. While y whereas = mientras que
2.4.1. He is lively and easygoing whereas his sister is rather shy
2.5. But = pero
2.6. However, nevertheless, yet = no
2.6.1. She didn’t want to have more children.
3. Time
3.1. As I was walking down the street, I saw
3.1.1. - I’ll phone you when I know the answer
3.2. When / as = cuando my ex-boyfriend
3.3. While = mientras (que)
3.3.1. While I was watching TV, the telephone rang.
3.4. As soon as = tan
3.4.1. I’ll phone you as soon as I know the answer.
3.5. Until = hasta (que)
3.5.1. We were waiting until she arrived
3.6. The company is exporting its products abroad because there is no local market for them.
4. To (para), in order to/ that, so that (para, para que), so (para que), so as to (para que).
5. Before you leave, do your job.
6. Exemple
7. El pronombre relativo (That) no se usa en cláusulas explicativas
8. Cuando el sujeto aparece en la clausula, se puede eliminar el pronombre (That)
9. Example
10. The article I read examines current research in social psychology
11. The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting
12. Las cláusulas subordinadas son las formadas por una cláusula principal, una conjunción subordinada y una cláusula dependiente.
13. En inglés existen diferentes conjunciones y adverbios que indican razón, propósito, resultado de algo, tiempo, contraste.
14. Reason
14.1. Because: por que
14.1.1. BECAUSE+CLAUSE We moved to another city because my father got a new job.
14.2. Because of
14.2.1. BECAUSE OF+NOUN We moved to another city, because of my fathers new job.
14.3. As-since: como, puesto que
14.3.1. As it your birthday, I'll lend you my best clothes