1. Process Termination
1.1. a means for a process to indicate its completion
2. Five-State process model
3. Suspended Process
3.1. Swapping
3.1.1. involves moving part of all of a process form main memory to disk
3.1.2. when none of the processes in main memory is in the Ready state, the OS swaps one of the blocked processes out on to disk into a suspend queue
3.2. Characteristic
3.2.1. The process is not immediately available for execution
3.2.2. The process may or may not be waiting for an event
3.2.3. The process may not be removed until the agent orders the removal
4. Process & Threads
4.1. The unit of dispatching is referred to as a thread or lightweight process
4.2. Multithreading - The ability of OS to support multiple path of execution within a single process
4.3. Single Thread Approches -The concept a thread is not recognized
4.3.1. e.g MS-DOS
4.4. Multithreaded approaches - the ability of a CPU in a multi-core processor to execute multiple processes
4.4.1. e.g Java run-time
5. OS control structure
5.1. Four different type of tables maintained by OS
5.1.1. Memory tables
5.1.2. IO table
5.1.3. File table
5.1.4. Process table
6. Process
6.1. a programme in execution
6.2. an instance of a running program
6.3. an entity that can be assigned to, and executed on a processor
7. Process elements
7.1. Identifier
7.2. state
7.3. priority
7.4. program counter
7.5. memory pointers
7.6. context data
7.7. I/O status
7.8. accounting information
8. Process control Block
8.1. Contains the process elements
8.2. created and manage by the Operating system
9. Process States
9.1. Trace
9.1.1. sequence of instruction that execute for that process
9.2. Dispatcher
9.2.1. small program that switches the processor from one process to another
10. Two-state process model
11. Process Creation
11.1. Occurs when a new process is to be added to those currently being managed process
11.1.1. Process Spawning
11.1.1.1. OS creates a process at the explicit request of another process
11.1.2. Parent process
11.1.2.1. Original, creating, process
11.1.3. Child process
11.1.3.1. new process