DNA

1. Genomics

1.1. Structure & Function of Genes

2. Proteomics

2.1. Structure & Function of Proteins

3. Metabolomics

3.1. Cell cycle, cell motility, lipid metabolism, etc.

4. Sequence alignment

4.1. Mutation

4.1.1. Point mutations, Deletions, Chromosomal rearrangements

5. Drug Designing

6. Chromosomes

6.1. Gene Structure & Function

6.1.1. ORF Finder, Expasy Translate, etc.

7. Nucleotides

7.1. Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine

8. Sequence

8.1. Big Data

8.1.1. Biological Databases

8.1.1.1. NCBI

9. Isolation from cells

9.1. Precipitation

9.1.1. Sequencing

10. Sequence Annotation

10.1. Proteins

10.1.1. Homologs (Orthologs, Paralogs, Xenologs)

10.1.1.1. Evolution

10.1.2. Phylogenetic Tree

11. Forensic Studies