IDEA’s 14 categories of disabilities

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IDEA’s 14 categories of disabilities Door Mind Map: IDEA’s 14 categories of disabilities

1. Hearing impairment

1.1. Types of Hearing Loss

1.1.1. Conductive hearing losses

1.1.2. Sensorineural hearing losses

1.1.3. A mixed hearing loss

1.1.4. A central hearing loss

1.2. Caroline’s Story

2. Autism Spectrum Disorders

2.1. the Characteristics

2.1.1. Communication problems

2.1.2. Difficulty relating to people, things, and events

2.1.3. Difficulty adjusting to changes in routine or to familiar surroundings

2.1.4. Repetititive body movements or behaviors

2.2. Tips for Parents

2.2.1. Learn about autism spectrum disorders

2.2.2. Be mindful

2.2.3. Learn from professionals and other parents

2.2.4. If you weren’t born loving highly structured, consistent schedules and routines

2.2.5. Learn about assistive technology

2.2.6. Work with professionals in early intervention or in your child’s school

2.2.7. Be patient and stay optimistic

2.3. Tips for Teachers

2.3.1. Learn more about the autism spectrum

2.3.2. Make sure directions are given step-by- step

2.3.3. Find out what the student’s strengths and interests are and emphasize them.

2.3.4. Build opportunities for the student to have social and collaborative interactions

2.3.5. Have consistent routines and schedules.

2.3.6. Work together with the student’s parents and other school personnel

2.4. Autism Spectrum Disorders

3. Deaf-blindness

3.1. Finding Help

3.1.1. Children birth to age 3

3.1.1.1. Early intervention services under the Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities program of IDEA

3.1.2. School-age children, including preschoolers

3.1.2.1. Special education services under Part B of IDEA

4. Emotional disturbance

4.1. Definition

4.2. Characteristics

4.2.1. Hyperactivity (short attention span, impulsiveness)

4.2.2. Aggression or self-injurious behavior (acting out, fighting)

4.2.3. Withdrawal (not interacting socially with others, excessive fear or anxiety)

4.2.4. Immaturity (inappropriate crying, temper tantrums, poor coping skills)

4.2.5. Learning difficulties (academically performing below grade level).

4.3. Causes

4.4. Frequency

4.5. Help for School-Aged Children

5. Deafness

5.1. Types of Hearing Loss

5.1.1. Conductive hearing losses

5.1.2. Sensorineural hearing losses

5.1.3. A mixed hearing loss

5.1.4. A central hearing loss

5.2. Finding Help

5.2.1. Early intervention

5.2.2. Special education and related services

6. Developmental delay

6.1. The developmental milestones.

6.1.1. The time-table for skills to emerge is commonly called the developmental milestones.

6.1.2. It’s when skills don’t emerge as expected, more or less on that broad schedule, that parents and caregivers may become concerned.

6.2. IDEA’s Definition of Developmental Delay

6.2.1. Who is experiencing developmental delays as defined by the State and as measured by appropriate diagnostic instruments and procedures in one or more of the following areas

6.2.1.1. Physical development

6.2.1.2. Cognitive development

6.2.1.3. Communication development

6.2.1.4. Social or emotional development

6.2.1.5. Adaptive development

6.2.2. Who, by reason thereof, needs special education and related services

6.3. Early intervention services

6.3.1. Assistive technology (devices a child might need)

6.3.2. Audiology or hearing services

6.3.3. Speech and language services

6.3.4. Counseling and training for a family

6.3.5. Medical services

6.3.6. Nursing services

6.3.7. Nutrition services

6.3.8. Occupational therapy

6.3.9. Physical therapy

6.3.10. Psychological services

6.4. Special education services

7. Traumatic brain injury (TBI)

7.1. The Signs of Traumatic Brain Injury

7.1.1. Physical disabilities

7.1.2. Difficulties with thinking

7.1.3. Social, behavioral, or emotional problems

7.2. Help

7.2.1. To access early intervention

7.2.2. To access special education and related services

8. Multiple disabilities

8.1. Causes

8.1.1. Chromosomal abnormalities

8.1.2. Premature birth

8.1.3. Difficulties after birth

8.1.4. Poor development of the brain or spinal cord

8.1.5. Infections

8.1.6. Genetic disorders

8.1.7. Injuries from accidents

8.2. To support, parent, or educate a child with multiple disabilities, it’s important to know:

8.2.1. which individual disabilities are involved;

8.2.2. how severe (or moderate or mild) each disability is; and

8.2.3. how each disability can affect learning and daily living.

8.3. Sharon’s Story

9. Orthopedic impairment

10. Intellectual disability

10.1. Causes

10.1.1. Tips for Parents

10.1.1.1. Learn about intellectual disability.

10.1.1.2. Encourage independence in your child.

10.1.1.3. Give your child chores.

10.1.1.4. Give your child frequent feedback.

10.1.1.5. Find out what skills your child is learning at school.

10.1.1.6. Find opportunities in your community for social activities,

10.1.1.7. Talk to other parents whose children have an intellectual disability.

10.1.1.8. Meet with the school and develop an IEP to address your child’s needs.

10.1.1.9. Take pleasure in your beautiful one.

10.1.2. Genetic conditions.

10.1.3. Problems during pregnancy.

10.1.4. Problems at birth.

10.1.5. Health problems.

10.2. Frequency

10.3. The Signs of Intellectual Disability

10.4. Diagnosis

10.4.1. Intellectual functioning

10.4.2. Adaptive behavior

11. Other health impairment

11.1. Special Help for Children

11.1.1. Early intervention services

11.1.2. Special education and related services

12. Specific learning disability

12.1. Dyslexia—which refers to difficulties in reading

12.1.1. What Causes Dyslexia?

12.2. Dysgraphia—which refers to difficulties in writing

12.3. Dyscalcula—which refers to difficulties in math.

13. Speech or language impairment

13.1. Definition

13.2. Four major areas in which impairments occur

13.2.1. Articulation

13.2.2. Fluency

13.2.3. Voice

13.2.4. Language

13.3. Causes

14. Visual impairment, including blindness

14.1. strabismus

14.2. congenital cataracts

14.3. retinopathy of prematurity

14.4. retinitis pigmentosa

14.5. coloboma

14.6. optic nerve hypoplasia

14.7. cortical visual impairment (CVI)

14.8. Case Studies

14.8.1. Early Intervention: Helping babies with visual impairments