Chapter 1 : Introduction to Computers

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Chapter 1 : Introduction to Computers Door Mind Map: Chapter 1 : Introduction to Computers

1. Objectives Overview

1.1. Explain why computer literacy is vital to success in today’s world

1.2. Define the term, computer, and describe the relationship between data and information

1.3. Describe the five components of a computer

1.4. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when working with computersDefine

1.5. Define the term, network, and identify benefits of sharing resources on a network

1.6. Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web

1.7. Distinguish between system software and application software

1.8. Differentiate among types, sizes, and functions of computers in each category

1.9. Describe the role of each element in an information system

1.10. Explain how home users, small office/home office users, mobile users, power users, and enterprise users each interact with computers

1.11. Discuss how society uses computers in education, finance, government, health care, science, publishing, travel, and manufacturing

2. A World of Computers

2.1. Computers are everywhere

3. Categories of Computers

3.1. Personal computers

3.1.1. A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself

3.1.2. Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple

3.1.2.1. Desktop computer

3.2. Mobile computers and mobile devices

3.2.1. Mobile Computer

3.2.1.1. Personal computer you can carry from place to place

3.2.1.2. Examples include notebook computers, laptop computers, and Tablet PCs

3.2.2. Mobile Device

3.2.2.1. Computing device small enough to hold in your hand

3.2.2.2. Examples include smart phones, PDAs, handheld computers, portable media players, and digital cameras

3.3. Game consoles

3.3.1. A game console is a mobile computing device designed for single‐player or multiplayer video games

3.4. Servers

3.4.1. A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network

3.4.1.1. Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information

3.5. Mainframes

3.5.1. A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously

3.6. Supercomputers

3.6.1. A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer

3.6.1.1. Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second

3.7. Embedded computers

3.7.1. An embedded computer is a special‐purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product

4. Elements of an Information System

4.1. Hardware

4.2. Software

4.3. Data

4.4. People

4.5. Procedures

5. Computer Applications in Society

5.1. Education

5.2. Finance

5.3. Government

5.4. Health Care

5.5. Science

5.6. Publishing

5.7. Travel

5.8. Manufacturing

6. Summary

6.1. Basic computer concepts

6.2. Components of a computer

6.3. Networks, the Internet, and computer software

6.4. Many different categories of computers, computer users, and computer applications in society

7. New node

8. What Is a Computer?

8.1. A computeris an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory

9. The Components of a Computer

9.1. A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware

9.1.1. Input Device

9.1.1.1. Allows you to enter data and instructions into a compuer

9.1.2. Output Device

9.1.2.1. Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people

9.1.3. System Unit

9.1.3.1. Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data

9.1.4. Storage Device

9.1.4.1. Holds data, instructions, and information for future use

9.1.5. Communications Device

9.1.5.1. Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices

10. Networks and the Internet

10.1. A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media

10.2. The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

10.3. People use the Internet for a variety of reasons

10.3.1. Communicate

10.3.2. Research and Access Information

10.3.3. Shop

10.3.4. Bank and Invest

10.3.5. Online Trading

10.3.6. Entertainment

10.3.7. Download Music

10.3.8. Share Videos

10.3.9. Web Application

10.4. A social networking Web site encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users

11. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers

11.1. Advantages of Using Computers

11.1.1. Speed

11.1.2. Reliability

11.1.3. Consistency

11.1.4. Storage

11.1.5. Communications

11.2. Disadvantages of Using Computers

11.2.1. Health Risks

11.2.2. Violation of Privacy

11.2.3. Public Safety

11.2.4. Impact on Labor Force

11.2.5. Impact on Environment

11.3. Green computing : involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer

11.4. Strategies include

11.4.1. Recycling

11.4.2. Regulating manufacturing processes

11.4.3. Extending the life of computers

11.4.4. Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

12. Computer Software

12.1. Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them

12.2. Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware

12.3. A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information