Structure, Function and Terminology.
by Tash Fletcher
1. Metabolism -
1.1. Catabolic - Breaks down molecules from complex to simple ones - producing more energy than they consume.
1.2. Anabolic - Combine simple molecules to form complex molecules - consume more energy than they produce.
2. Branches of Anatomy
2.1. Regional - studies all of the structures within a particular region of the body. e.g. LEG.
2.2. Surface - Studies of structures of overlain skin. e.g looking for a vein to take blood.
2.3. Cytology - Studies of the cells.
2.4. Histology - Study of the tissues.
2.5. Microscope - studies of structure to small to be seen without a microscope.
2.6. Systemic Physiology - further subdivided into each of the body systems.
2.7. Cellular physiology - focuses on how individual types of cells function.
3. Tissue Levels
3.1. Muscle - provides movement and protect organs.
3.2. Epthelium - Covers the body and lines it cavities.
3.3. connective - supports and protects body organs.
3.4. skeletal - Sometimes known as stratified (voluntary)
4. Functions of life
4.1. Maintaining boundaries - all living organisms have an internal environment separated from surrounding in an external environment.
4.2. Characteristics of the function of life
4.2.1. MOVEMENT
4.2.2. EXCERTION
4.2.3. RESPIRATION
4.2.4. REPRODUCTION
4.2.5. IRITIABILITY
4.2.6. NUTRTION
4.2.7. GROWTH
5. Homeostasis - Biological balancing to get things 'just right'. Constant international; environment.
5.1. most important concept within physiology.
5.2. even small changes in body fluids can disrupt biochemical activities which can result in death .
5.3. Homeostatic control.
5.4. Receptors - sensory component that monitors and respond to changes in the environment.
5.4.1. chemore
5.4.2. Barore
6. Anatomical postion and Direcional terms
6.1. Reference Postion
6.1.1. INFERIA - BELOW
6.1.2. SUPERIA - ABOVE
6.1.3. ANTERIOR - front on
6.1.4. VENTERIAL - bottom half
6.1.5. POSTERIOR - Back on
6.1.6. DORSAL - Top half
6.1.7. AXIAL - head and neck
6.1.8. APPENDICULAR - limbs attached to the axis.