Cognitive Strategies to Support Learners Thinking: Scaffolding

1. Conceptual Scaffolding - supports learners with new or difficult to understand information

1.1. Advance Organizers

1.2. List of Definitions

1.3. Study Questions

1.4. Study Guides

1.5. Graphic Organizers

1.5.1. Sequential Information

1.5.1.1. Cycles

1.5.1.2. Series of Events

1.5.1.3. Flowcharts

1.5.2. Analysis of Information

1.5.2.1. Spider Maps

1.5.3. Comparative Information

1.5.3.1. Venn Diagram

1.5.3.2. Comparison Charts

1.5.4. Conceptual Information

1.5.4.1. Concept Maps

1.5.4.2. Idea Trees

1.5.5. Hierarchial Information

1.5.5.1. Organizational Charts

1.6. Outlines

2. Strategic Scaffolding - emphasizes alternative learning pathways to meet diverse needs of learners

2.1. Alternative Explanations

2.2. Probing Questions

2.3. Hints

2.4. Worked Examples

2.5. Supplementary Resources

2.6. Expert Advice

3. Procedural Scaffolding - supports learners with navigating the course environment

3.1. Orientation

3.2. Expectations

3.3. Resource

4. Metacognitive Scaffolding - supports development of academic skills to help learners manage their learning

4.1. Planning Strategies

4.2. Monitoring Strategies

4.3. Evaluating Strategies