Acute inflammation

1. Definition

1.1. Reaction of vascularised living tissue to injury

1.2. Initial response to body against harmful stimuli

1.2.1. Vasodilation

1.2.2. Increase vascular permeability

1.2.3. Recuitment of neutrophils

2. Vascular reaction

2.1. Alteration in vascular caliber (increase blood flow)

2.2. Structural changes of blood vessel (allow plasma protein, leukocyte leave circulation)

3. Cellular reaction

3.1. Emigration of leukocytes from circulation to injury site

3.1.1. Accumulation in site of injury

3.1.2. Cellular activation to eliminate offending agents

4. Function

4.1. Production of exudate

4.2. Destruction and elimination of causative agent

4.3. Removal of damaged tissues

5. Exudation

5.1. Process in which fluid proteins and blood cells from vascular system escape into interstitial tissue

5.2. Types

5.2.1. Serous exudate

5.2.2. Fibrinous exudate

5.2.3. Purulent exudate

6. Chemical mediators

6.1. Substances released by body when there is tissue injury

6.2. From plasma protein and cells

6.3. Types:

6.3.1. Vasoactive amine

6.3.1.1. Histamine

6.3.1.2. Serotonin

6.3.2. Cytokines

6.3.2.1. IL-1

6.3.2.2. TNF-α

6.3.3. Chemokines

6.4. Function

6.4.1. Vasodilation

6.4.2. Inc vascular permeability

6.4.3. Chemotaxis, leukocytes activation