1. Patient case
1.1. Counsel patient regarding:
1.1.1. Rasburicase for TLS
1.1.2. Corticosteroids for SCC
1.1.3. Thrombolysis for SVC syndrome
1.1.4. Bisphosphonates for HCOM
2. Slowest response
3. Metabolic
3.1. Tumor lysis syndrome
3.1.1. Definition
3.1.1.1. Cairo-Bishop criteria, signs/symptoms
3.1.1.1.1. Laboratory TLS
3.1.1.1.2. Clinical TLS
3.1.1.2. Spontaneous vs. treatment-induced
3.1.2. Clinical consequences
3.1.2.1. Renal impairment
3.1.2.2. Cardiac arrhythmia/death
3.1.2.3. Seizure
3.1.3. Risk factors and risk stratification
3.1.3.1. Tumor-related
3.1.3.2. Patient-related
3.1.4. Management
3.1.4.1. Prevention
3.1.4.1.1. Hydration
3.1.4.1.2. Allopurinol
3.1.4.1.3. Sevelamer
3.1.4.2. Treatment
3.1.4.2.1. Hyperkalemia
3.1.4.2.2. Hyperuricemia
3.1.4.2.3. Hyperphosphatemia
3.1.4.2.4. Hypocalcemia
3.2. Hypercalcemia of malignancy
3.2.1. Definition
3.2.1.1. Corrected calcium < 12 mg/dL
3.2.1.2. Corrected calcium 12-14 mg/dL
3.2.1.3. Corrected calcium > 14 mg/dL
3.2.2. Signs/symptoms
3.2.3. Types
3.2.3.1. PTHrP-related
3.2.3.2. Osteolytic
3.2.3.3. Tumoral calcitrol production
3.2.4. Prognostic significance
3.2.5. Management
3.2.5.1. First: Hydration
3.2.5.1.1. +/- loop diuretic
3.2.5.2. Bisphosphonate
3.2.5.3. Calcitonin (temporizing)
3.2.5.4. Corticosteroids
4. Mechanical
4.1. Superior vena cava syndrome
4.1.1. Clinical presentation
4.1.2. Tumor types - mediastinal
4.1.3. Management
4.1.3.1. Corticosteroids (if tumor is sensitive)
4.1.3.2. Endovascular stenting
4.1.3.3. Surgery
4.1.3.4. Radiation therapy
4.1.3.5. Systemic chemotherapy
4.2. Spinal cord compression
4.2.1. Clinical presentation
4.2.2. Common tumor types
4.2.3. Prognostic significance
4.2.4. Management
4.2.4.1. Corticosteroids
4.2.4.2. Surgery
4.2.4.3. Radiation therapy